MEMOIRS 



OF 



THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA. 



Geology of the Northern Shan States. By 

 T. H. D. La Touche, M.A., F.G.S., late Officiating 

 Director, Geological Survey of India. 



CHAPTER I. 



INTRODUCTION. 



IHE main features of the sequence of strata deposited along 

 the Northern shores of the ancient Gondwana continent, and the 



affinities of the successive faunas entombed in the rocks, have 

 long been made known to us through the researches of numerous 

 geologists and palaeontologists, 1 and a general correlation has been 

 established between the geology of that coast and that of the Alps' 

 of southern Europe. But up to the present time we have had 

 but little knowledge of the formations that were being laid down 

 contemporaneously with these along the Eastern shores of that 

 continent. The researches of von Richthofen von Loczy, Bailey 

 Willis, and others, 2 have made us acquainted with the geology of 

 a large part of China, but of these observers Professor v. Loczy 

 alone has carried his researches up to the borders of Gondwana- 



1 For references see Burrard and Hayden, Geography and Geology of the Himalaya 

 Mountains and Tibet ; Part IV, by H. H. Hayden, Geologv of the Himalaya ; Calcutta, 

 1908. 



2 F. v. Richthofen, China, Ergebnisse eigener Reisen und darauf gegiundeter 

 Studien, Vols. II and IV ; Berlin (1882) : L. v. Loczy, Reise des Grafen Bela Nzechenyi 

 in Ostasien, Vols. I and III ; Vienna (1899) : F. Leprince-Linguet, Etude Geologique 

 sur le Nord de la Chine ; Ann. des Mines, Scr. 9, Vol. XIX, p. 34G (1901) : Tii. Loronz» 

 Beitriigc zur Geologic und Palaeontologie Mm Ostasien; 1 Teil., Zeitschr. d. Devtsclu 

 Geol. Ocsellsch. Bd. LVII, p. 438 ; 2 Teil., Bd. LVI1, p. 07 (1905 and 1900) : C. I). Waleott, 

 Cambrian Faunas of China; Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus., Vols. XXIX, XXX (1900) : Bailey 

 Willis, Research in China; Cimegie Institution, Washington (1907): H. Lantenois, 

 Mission Geologique et Miniero du Yunnan Meridional ; Ann. des. Mines, Ser. 10, Vol. 

 XI, p. 298 (1907): A. F. Lc<rrndic .V 1'. Lemoine, Crandes Ligncs de la Geoloeie de 

 Pays Lolo ; Bull. Mus. Nat. D'Hid. Nalurclle, No. I. 1910, p. 59. 



B 



