134 LATOUCHE: GEOLOGY OF NORTHERN SHAN STATES. 



Devonian of England, and with Pyc. acutus Lindstr., from Gotland 

 (Ludlow formation). Casts of this gastropod are not uncommon 

 elsewhere in the Namhsim Sandstones. 



At the Gokteik gorge the lower Namhsims do not appear to be 



represented at all, the poor exposure of soft 



brown sandstones, between the 88th and 89th 



miles on the cart road near Pomaw (D 3), which will be again 



referred to, belonging to the upper part of the formation ; but 



further to the north, in the angle formed by the Nam-Tang north 



of Makhinsuk, they occupy a considerable area. Fossils were 



found in two localities in this area, of which the one named Manna 



2 (Loc. 49, D 3) in Mr. Cowper Reed's Memoir (Op. cit., p. 148) 



is on the lower Namhsims. Pycnomphalus sp. 



and an Orthoceras, allied to 0. tenuiannulatum 



McCoy, from the Ludlow formation, are the only two species 



described. These fossils, as well as the Pycnomphalus from Namhsu- 



hka, probably come from a fairly high horizon in the formation. 



Higher up the Nam-Tang, on the right bank opposite Namsaw, 



the lower Namhsims are well developed, form- 

 Section at Namsaw. . . . , . I 1 p , T • 1 



ing precipitous elms several hundred feet high 

 overhanging the river, and running across the boundary of the 

 upper Naungkangyi shales on to the highly disturbed rocks of the 

 Chaung-Magyi series forming the lofty hills to the north and west, 

 across which the cart road to Mong-Long is carried. From Namsaw 

 eastwards the sandstones gradually thicken out, and occupy a 



widely increasing area as far as the valley of 



North-easterly extension. ' , _ ° . T1 . ml J . 



the Nam-lu, north of Hsipaw. They form 

 the greater part of the mass of low hills seen in the foreground to 

 the north of the railway between Pyaunggaung and Kyaukme 

 stations. Hence they extend up to and beyond Kiohsio (N. 

 (E 2) 3 to the north of which village they form a line of pictur- 

 esque pine-clad cliffs, backed by the higher peaks of Ponglong in the 



Tawngpener State. Here again they overlap 

 Outer boundary. xt , • i -i • ,i 



the JNaungkangyi beds, running across the 



boundary of the latter and capping, as outliers, the higher peaks 



in the neighbourhood. Their limits can be distinguished at once 



by the lines of cliffs that they form, overhanging the more gentle 



slopes of the schistose and slaty beds of the Chaung-Magyi series 



beneath them. This overlap is continued across the valley of the 



