Local Anemia. 



23 



and bacteria, without encountering the disturbing factor usually 

 met in such studies and caused by the variability of the suscep- 

 tibility of the individual organisms to the chemical substance 

 under examination. This strain of B. coli had been isolated from 

 a single colony growing on gentian violet agar and had been kept 

 growing on gentian violet agar by frequent transplants over a 

 period of several weeks. Every individual had therefore proven 

 its ability to grow in the presence of the dye by actually having 

 done so. 



Working with such a culture it is found that, though large 

 inoculations of gentian violet media produce as heavy growths 

 as in plain media and that the dye therefore seems to have no 

 inhibitory effect, single cell transplantations (by the method of 

 Barbour) never grow. Nor does growth occur if small groups 

 (under 30) are transplanted. This would indicate that bacteria 

 do not, as is commonly supposed, act as isolated individuals; they 

 possess the power, in numbers, of accomplishing effects which, alone, 

 they are incapable of. The nature of this community of action it is at 

 present impossible even to guess at. 



13 (1595) 



Resistance of hepatic tissues to local anemia. 



By Loren R. Chandler (by invitation). 



[From the Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Stanford University, 



California.] 



If a temporary renal anemia of two hours' duration is produced 

 by placing a ligature about the renal artery of a rabbit, and the 

 rabbit is killed from one to four days later, histological study will 

 invariably show necrosis of practically the entire cortical tubular 

 epithelium, with few if any changes in the glomerular and inter- 

 stitial elements. This method of producing epithelial necrosis, 

 with the minimum amount of injury to other elements, is now 

 being used in this laboratory for a study of epithelial regeneration 

 and the pathology of renal excretion. 



As a preliminary to a similar study of hepatic function and 

 regeneration, tests were made of the effects of temporary local 



