20 HUGHES : SOUTHERN COAL-FIELDS OF RBWAH GONDWANA UASIN. 



by following the course of the small stream 1 between Koilari and Ma- 

 rohi downwards to its junction with the Umrar, and then onward in the 

 latter river to Kalesar, Umaria and Lalpur. 



The lowest bed of the Barakars in the rivulet referred to is a slightly 

 ferruginous-tinted, felspatliic silicious sandstone. 



Rock section. 



Above it is a thin band of coaly shale, and then 

 a succession of laminated sandstones, argillaceous blue carbonaceous 

 shales and thicker bedded sandstones, some of which are fine-grained, 

 faintly salmon-coloured, slightly micaceous rocks. Near the temple of 

 Devi, and higher in the series, is a seam of coal of very good quality, 

 but measuring only 14 inches, which puts it out of consideration in an 

 economic summary. The dip is N.N.E. at a low angle of 5°. At 

 the elbow of the stream, above its junction with the Umrar, are some 

 slightly carbonaceous grey argillaceous shales, in which the fossils were 

 found that determined the true age of the Umaria measures. Then 

 follow thick-bedded light grey tinted sandstones, flushed with a pinkish 

 hue and stained in portions on the outside rusty yellow. In the 

 Wardha Valley field this colouring would have been the peculiar mark 

 of the Kamthi series, but in the Rewah Goudwana basil it has no 

 specific significance. 



These sandstones, with a varying proportion of calcareous matter, are 



Sandstones constitute mainl y of the ordinary slightly nodular, felspathic, 

 about 200 feet. silicious type of coal-measure sandstones, and con- 



stitute about 200 feet of the Barakar group. They are deeply eroded 

 near the village of Kalesar, and the Umrar flows through a short but 

 pretty gorge, where an excellent view of the rocks may be obtained. 

 Intercalated with these sandstones are the various carbonaceous layers 

 that give value to the Umaria coal-field. 



In the Umrar river, however, only one seam is visible, and the refer- 

 ence that I have just made in the plural number is due to the light 

 thrown upon the constitution of the field by the various borings. 



1 A temple dedicated to Devi, one of the wives of Shiva, has been erected on the bank 

 <>f this stream, where it is reported that a seam has once been on fire. I saw no sign of 

 *uch an occurrence. 



( 156 ) 



