GENERIC CHARACTERS. 



Family PABADISEIDiE. 



Subfamily L PARADLSEIN^E. 

 Genus 1. Paeadisea. 



Feathers of the head short, thick, compressed tightly together. Bill rather long, stout ; culmen curved to the tip, which is emarginate. Nostrils lateral, concealed by 

 frontal feathers. Wings rounded, long ; fourth to seventh primaries equal and longest. Tail broad, rounded. Tarsi rather stout, covered by an entire scale. Toes long ; 

 outer more lengthened than the inner and united at the base to the middle toe. Hind toe long and stout. Claws long, strong, curved, acute. 



Genus 2. Manucodia. 



Feathers of the head short, velvety. Bill stout, curved on the culmen ; tip emarginate. Nostrils partially concealed by frontal feathers. Wings long, rounded ; fourth 

 to seventh primaries equal and longest. Tail long, rounded. Tarsi longer than middle toe. Toes moderate ; inner one shortest and united at base to the middle one. 

 Claws long, sharp, curved, acute. 



Genus 3. Astkapia. 



Bill moderate, curving slightly to the tip, which is emarginate. Nostrils basal, sunk, partly hidden by frontal feathers. Wings moderate, pointed. Tail very long, 

 graduated, feathers broad and rounded. Tarsi long. Feet moderate ; outer toe united to the middle one at base. 



Genus 4. Pabotia. 



Bill short, curved; base hidden by frontal plumes that project over the maxilla for nearly half of its length. Wings much rounded; secondaries very long. Tail 

 broad, rounded. Tarsi moderate. Toes slender ; outer and middle ones united at base. 



Genus 5. Lophoeina. 



Bill slender, curved; tip emarginate ; frontal feathers projecting forward, hiding the nostrils. Wings and tail rounded; secondaries long. Occipital crest greatly 

 exaggerated. Tarsi slender. Toes slender ; middle one united at the base to the outer. 



Genus 6. Diphyllodes. 



Bill shorter than the head, compressed, curving slightly on the culmen ; tip not emarginate. Nostrils entirely hidden by frontal feathers. Wings moderate ; third 

 and fourth primaries equal and longest. Tail short, square. Tarsi rather long, covered by an entire scale. Toes slender, short; outer and middle ones united at base. 

 Claws slender, curved, acute. 



Genus 7. Xantiiomelus. 



Bill, culmen curving rapidly towards the tip ; cutting-edges of mandible curving slightly downwards ; tip of maxilla and mandible toothed. Nostrils open and exposed. 

 Wings moderate. Tail rounded. 



Genus 8. Cicinrukus. 



Bill short, slightly compressed on the sides. Nostrils hidden by frontal plumes. Wings short ; second and third primaries equal and longest ; secondaries nearly 

 equal in length to the primaries. Tail short, of twelve feathers, square. Tarsi covered with a scale. Outer and middle toe united at base. Claws small, curved, acute. 



Genus 9. Paeadigalla. 



Bill moderate, shorter than the head, slender ; point emarginate ; nostrils basal, covered by the feathers of the forehead ; two fleshy wattles at the commissure of the 

 bill. Wings rather long ; third and fourth primaries longest. Tail rather pointed, formed of twelve feathers. 



Genus 10. Semiopteea. 



Bill long, compressed ; culmen much curved ; tip emarginate ; nostrils basal, oval, hidden by frontal plumes that extend one third the length of the maxilla. Wings 

 rounded, fourth and fifth primaries equal and longest. Tail moderate, slightly rounded. Tarsi long, rather slender, covered by a single scale. Toes slender, rather 

 short ; outer and middle ones united at base. Claws long, much curved, acute. 



Subfamily 2. EPIMACHINiE. 

 Genus 1. Epihachus. 



Bill long, arched, slender, curved to the tip, which is slightly emarginate. Nostrils basal, placed in a membranous groove, partly hidden by frontal feathers. Wings 

 moderate ; fourth to seventh primaries equal and longest. Tail lengthened. Tarsi long. Toes long, rather strong ; outer and middle ones united at base. 



Genus 2. Deepanoenis. 



Bill very long, slender, and much curved ; the maxilla inside destitute of groove ; mandible slightly grooved. Nostrils basal, oval, exposed. Wings moderate ; fourth 

 and fifth primaries equal and longest, third nearly equal to fifth. Tail moderately long, rounded, composed of twelve feathers. Tarsi short, covered by a single scale. 

 Toes weak ; outer and middle ones united at base. Claws curved, acute. 



Genus 3. Seleucides. 



Bill longer than the head, nearly straight, compressed ; tip emarginate. Nostrils oblong, partly hidden by frontal feathers, and placed in a lateral groove. Wings 

 moderate ; third, fourth, and fifth primaries equal and longest. Tail short, composed of twelve nearly equal feathers. Tarsi moderate, scutellated. Outer and middle 

 toes united at base. Claws curved, acute. 



Genus 4. Ptiloeis. 



Bill longer than the head, slightly curved. Nostrils partly hidden by frontal feathers. Wings moderate, concave, rounded ; secondaries and primaries nearly equal in 

 length; the former square at tip. Tail slightly rounded, composed of twelve feathers. Tarsi moderate, covered by a single scale. Toes slender ; middle and outer ones 

 united at the base. Claws much curved, slender, acute. 



Subfamily 3. TECTONARCHINiE. 

 Genus 1. Sekiculus. 



Bill rather slender, nearly as long as the head ; culmen keeled at base, curving slightly towards the tip. Nostrils basal, lateral, exposed. Wings moderate ; second, 

 third, and fourth primaries equal and longest. Tail rather long, even. Tarsi longer than middle toe, scutellated. Toes long ; outer and middle united at the base 



Genus 2. Ptilokoehtnchus. 



Bill rather stout; culmen curved to the tip, which is emarginate. Nostrils basal, lateral, nearly concealed by frontal feathers. Wings rather long, pointed; fourth and 

 fifth primaries equal and longest. Tail short, square. Tarsi longer than middle toe, covered with numerous scales. Toes stout, long ; outer and middle ones united at 

 base. Claws curved and acute. 



Genus 3. Chlamydodeea. 



Bill stout ; culmen curving sharply to the tip, which is emarginate. Gonys advancing slightly upward. Nostrils basal, exposed ; opening round, placed in a membrane. 

 Wings long, pointed ; third and fourth primaries equal and longest. Tail long, nearly square. Tarsi longer than middle toe, covered with broad scales. Toes long ; 

 inner and middle ones united at base. Claws curved and acute. 



Genus 4. jEltjecedus. 



Bill stout; culmen much curved to the tip, which is emarginate. Gonys inclining sharply upwards. Nostrils basal, partly covered by frontal feathers; opening round, 

 placed in a membrane. Wings long and pointed ; fourth and fifth primaries equal and longest. Tail long, slightly rounded. Tarsi much longer than middle toe, covered 

 with broad scales. Toes long, stout ; inner and middle united at base. Claws long, sharp, curved. 



Genus 5. Amblyoenis. 



Bill short, thick ; culmen much curved. Gonys nearly straight. Nostrils partly hidden by frontal feathers, which are soft and flexible. A few short bristles project 

 forward over the culmen and nostrils, the latter being round, open, and partly exposed. Wings moderate ; fourth primary longest. Tail composed of ten feathers, very 

 slightly rounded. Toes slender ; middle one nearly as long as the tarsus ; outer longer than the inner one. 



