143 



Node D. This node identifies P. phoxinus and issykkulensis as the phoxinus species pair. 

 These two species share the following 13 synapomorphies: 35[1], 66[1], 67[ 1], 73[1], 100 

 [0] (reversal), 122[1], 125[1], 127[1], 131[1], 133[1], 144[1], 145[1], and 154[1]*. 

 P. phoxinus bears the 59 following apomorphies: 5[1], 6[1], 9[1], 10[1], 11[1], 12[1], 14[1], 

 16[1], 17[1], 18[1], 19[1], 20[1], 21[1], 22 [2], 24[1], 25[1], 30[1], 31 [1], 32[1], 38[1], 

 46[1], 47[1], 48[1], 54[1], 55[1], 57[1], 60[1], 62[1], 64[1], 69[1], 83[1], 85[1], 87[1], 

 95[1], 102[1], 105[1], 107[1], 123[1], 126[1], 128[1], 140[1], 141[1], 146[1], 148[1], 

 149[1], 151[1], 152[1], 157[1], 161[1], 165[1], 168[1], 172[1], 175[1], 177[1], 187[1], 

 189[1], 194[1], 197[1], and 202[1]. 



P. issykkulensis bears the following 25 apomorphies: 3[1], 8[1], 28[1], 31[1], 33[1], 36[1], 

 42[1], 44[1], 49[1], 59[1], 98[1], 101[1], 103[1], 109[1], 110[1], 113[1], 115[1], 132[1], 

 142[1], 156[1], 158[1], 176[1], 188[1], 203 [1], and 205[1]. 



Node E. This node groups the five North American species of Phoxinus as the erythro- 

 gaster-clade, including P. cumberlandensis, tennesseensis, oreas, eos, and erythro gast er. 

 The following nine synapomorphies are shared by these five species: 29[1]*, 34[1], 40[1], 

 67[1], 132[1], 134[1], 141[1], 143[1]*, and 164[2]*. 



Node F. P. oreas, cumberlandensis, and tennesseensis are united at this node as the oreas 

 species complex, the sistergroup of the etythrogaster species pair (P. erythro gast er + eos). 

 The following 13 synapomorphies are shared by the oreas species complex: 24[1]*, 32[1], 

 35[1], 49[1], 66[1], 69[1], 93*[1], 96[1], 111[1], 112[1], 113[1], 140[1], and 176[1]. 

 P. oreas is the sistergroup of the two species P. cumberlandensis and tennesseensis, and 

 bears the following 26 apomorphies: 22[1], 23[1], 28[1], 29[3]*, 53[1], 57[1], 59[1], 65[1], 

 70[1], 97[1], 101[1], 102[1], 130[1], 139[1], 144[1], 145[1], 146[1], 150[1], 159[1], 

 179[1], 181[1]* 185[1], 197[1], 202[1], 208[1], and 210[1]. 



Node G. P. cumberlandensis and tennesseensis are grouped at this node. These two species 

 share the following 11 synapomorphies: 8[1], 27[1], 41[1], 42[1], 51[1]*, 86[1], 117[1], 

 122[1], 125[1], 165[1], and 173[1]. 



P. cumberlandensis is the sistergroup of P. tennesseensis, and bears the following 44 apo- 

 morphies: 1[1], 7[1], 15[1]* 28[1], 29[2]*, 36[1], 40[0] (reversal), 45[1], 46[1], 50[0] (re- 

 versal), 54[1], 56[1]*, 63[1]*, 65[1], 68[1], 69[1], 72[1]*, 75[1], 76[1]*, 80[1], 81[1]*, 

 91[1]*, 121[1]*, 126[1], 127[1], 129[1], 133[1], 135[1], 137[1], 138[1]* 160[1]*, 166[1]*, 

 170[1], 183[1], 185[1], 190[1], I91[l]*, 192[1], 193[1]* 195[1], 197[1], 199[1], 203[1], 

 and 210[1]. 



P. tennesseensis bears the following 20 apomorphies: 9[1], 22[1], 25[1], 33[1], 53[1], 

 57[1], 58*[1], 67 [0] (reversal), 71[1], 102[1], 104[1], 106[0] (reversal), 130[1], 141[1], 

 159[1], 186[1], 201[1], 205[1], 206[1]* and 208[1]. 



Node H. P. eos and erythrogaster are grouped at this node as the erythrogaster species 

 pair and share the following 17 synapomorphies: 1[1], 22[1], 42[1], 64[1], 86[1], 97[1], 

 99[1]* 104[1], 123[1], 131[1], 137[1], 139[1], 161[1], 163[1]* 171[1], 190[1], and 

 201[1]. 



P. eos bears the following 17 apomorphies: 1[1], 22[1], 42[1], 64[1], 86[1], 97[1], 99[1], 

 104[1], 123[1], 131[1], 137[1], 139[1], 161[1], 163[1], 171[1], 190[1], and 201[1]. 



