167 



parison on coloration and behavior among species of Phoxinus ); Mayden 1989: 260 (na- 

 me); Goddard & Dawley 1990: 1052-1063, tab.l (New Hampshire); Nelson & Paetz 1992: 

 155, 157. 158, fig.on p. 155 (whole body), map. 12.9 (dist., Alberta, Canada). 

 Pfrille neogaeus (Cope) - Jordan et al. 1930:21 (name). 

 Phoxinus (Pfrille) neogaeus (Cope) - Gasowska 1979: 403 (name). 



Material studied 



Syntypes: ANSP 5408, 7 alch.; New Hudson, from streams flowing into Lake Erie, Oak- 

 land County, Michigan, USA; collector unknown; date unknown. 



Other specimens. ANSP 48468, 10 alch.; Otter Pond Camps, Caratunk, Maine; W. J. Ep- 

 ting; 1915. - ANSP 50149, 2 alch.; Bay View, Michigan, USA; T. L. Hankinson; date un- 

 known. - CAS (SU) 09835, 41 alch.; Cross Lake Thoroughfare, Eagle Lakes, Aroostock 

 County, Maine, USA; Kendall and Gould; date unknown. - KU 1146, 3 alch.; Pond in 

 Wilderness Park, Emmet County, Michigan, USA; U.B.S Ichthyology class; 24 July 1946. 

 - KU 1148, 2 alch.; Pond in Wilderness Park, Michigan, USA; Biological Survey; 24 July 

 1946. - KU 8521, 6 alch. and 3 C&S; Snake River, Cherry County, Nebraska, USA; R. 

 Peckham; 21 August 1963. - KU 14254. 2 alch.; Itasca Park, French Park, Beaver Pond, 

 Clearwater County, Minnesota, USA; R. Stasiak; 1 March 1970. - KU 18882, 3 alch. and 

 12 C&S; Rennie River, Whiteshell Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada; ER. Cook & J.C. 

 Cook; 14 August 1964. - UT 44.1506, 2 alch.; Lena Lake, Lake County, Minnesota, USA; 

 Minnesota Department of Conservation; 1964. - UT 44.2870, 41 alch.; Victor Lake near 

 Midiwan Lake, 5 mi. N.W. Isabella, Cook County, Minnesota. USA; D.A. & M.A. Etnier, 

 L.B. & W.C. Starnes; 21 June 1982. - UT 44.2894, 14 alch.; Hill Creek tributary to Mi- 

 diwan Lake at logging road and above in beaver pond, Kauishiwi system, Cook County, 

 Minnesota, USA; D.A. & M.A. Etnier, W.C. & L.B. Starnes; 21 June 1982. 



Diagnosis (amended from Cope 1869) 



A Phoxinus with one narrow lateral dark stripe almost equal in width from anterior to po- 

 sterior portion of body; the lateral stripes are continuous onto head and across snout. Mouth 

 large, its opening extending to below anterior margin of pupil of eye. In spawning males, 

 first five (occasionally four) pectoral rays much darker, thicker and stronger than other 

 pectoral rays; segments of these thick rays short and wide. Intestine short with only one 

 loop, its length less than standard length; pneumatic duct dark; pharyngeal teeth in two 

 rows, 2.5-5.2, 2.4-5.1, or 1.5-4.1; pharyngobranchial 4 bearing a median process. 



Description (Tab. 5) 



A North American species of Phoxinus with average standard length (adults) about 70 

 mm. Head large, broad, and robust, its length 27% of standard length, its width 58% of 

 its length. Snout short and blunt; its length 26% of head length, 93% of orbit length. Eye 

 lateral on head and large; orbit length 28% of head length. Mouth large (largest in Pho- 

 xinus), terminal, and oblique, its opening extending below the anterior margin of eye pu- 

 pil. Lower jaw slightly shorter than the upper one. 



