176 



Chrosomus oreas ssp. - Ross and Carico 1963: 12 (Pigeon System, Tennessee); Jenkins, 

 Lachner & Schwartz 1972: 48, 98 (Tennessee River drainage); Stauffer et al. 1982: 35 

 (Tennessee River drainage); Starnes & Etnier 1986: 347 (Tennessee River drainage). 

 Leuciscus erythrogaster (Rafinesque) - Cope 1868: 241, 245, 247 (Middle Fork, Holston 

 System, Vafiania, mis. id). 



Phoxinus erythrogaster (Rafinesque) - Hitch & Etnier 1974: 84 (Hiwassee System, Tenn- 

 essee, mis. id.). 



Phoxinus sp. - Hitch & Etnier 1974: 84 (Hiwassee System, Tennessee). 

 Phoxinus tennesseensis Starnes & Jenkins, 1988 - Starnes & Jenkins 1988: 517, 519. 523- 

 527, tab.l, figs.l a-c, 2b, 3 (orig. desc; type locality: Little River System, Blount Coun- 

 ty, Tennessee); Schilling & Ryon 1993: 274 (reproductive biology, Tennessee). 



Material studied 



Paratypes: UT 44.992, 7 alch.; Tributary to Bear Creek at Tenn. 95, Andersoa County. 

 Tennessee, USA; D.A. Etnier, W.C. Starnes, G.A. Schuster, W. Scraw, J. Lowa, & Adams: 

 1 December 1974. - ANSP 134735, 12 alch.; Clinch River system, tributary to east fork 

 Polar Creek at Tenn. 95, 6.2 road mi. N of Clinch River, Roane County, Tennessee, USA; 

 W.C. Starnes & L.B. Starnes; 15 February 1975. - USNM 216212, 15 alch.; Holston Ri- 

 ver system, Surgoinsville Creek, 1.2 road mi. north of US llw (Surgoinsville), Hawkins 

 County, Tennessee, USA; W.C. Starnes et al.; 30 November 1975. 

 Other Materials: UT 44.575, 2 alch.; Chestuee Creek at Nonaburg, McMinn county, Tenn- 

 essee, USA; R. & S. Hitch; 25 October 1970. - UT 44.98, 2 alch.; Caney Branch, Citico 

 Creek drainage, Nonroe County, Tennessee, USA; R. Tatum & J. Elier; 16 January 1967. 

 - UT 44.5274, 4 alch.. and 2 C&S; Ocoee river system. Polk County, Tennessee, USA; 

 W.L. Pennington et al.; 25 February 1991. - ANSP 22112, 2 alch.; South Fork, Holston 

 River, Virginia, USA; E.D. Cope; date unknown. 



Diagnosis (amended from Starnes & Jenkins 1988) 



A Phoxinus with two lateral dark stripes, the lower one interrupted into two sections; elon- 

 gate and complex coiled intestine; pneumatic duct connecting with posterior chamber of 

 gas bladder; anterior margin of anterior ceratohyal concave; medial ramus of tripus robust 

 and broad. 



Description (Tab. 7) 



A North American species of Phoxinus with maximum standard length of 60 mm. Head 

 large, broad, and robust, its length 25%, its width 61% of standard length. Snout short, 

 its length 27% of head length, 100% of orbit length. Eye lateral on head, moderately large; 

 orbit diameter 30% of head length. Mouth small, subterminal and oblique, its gape not 

 extending below anterior margin of eye. Lower jaw shorter than upper one. 

 Bony interorbital space wide, its width 112% of orbit length, and 33% of head length. 

 Anterior nasal opening larger than posterior one. Entire margin on anterior nasal opening 

 erect. Posterior, lateral and mesial portions of posterior nasal opening's margin not erect. 



