182 



canal without interruption. 14 pores. Preopercular canal extending to middle of preopercle, 

 seven pores. Mandibular canal with five pores. 



Body lateral line extending from dorsal to gill cover, gradually curving down to horizon- 

 tal lateral stripe, and ending above the middle region of pectoral fin. Lateral line with one 

 or two interruptions. 15 pored scales present. 



Pharyngeal bone slender; pitted surface bearing about seven fossae; anterior limb long and 

 slender, its anterior end flat and expanding; posterior limb straight. Pharyngeal teeth in 

 one row. 5-5; teeth relatively short, hooked at tip. 

 Vertebrae 38-39: precaudal ones 20 or 21, caudal ones 18. 



Intestine long, about 10 loops in adults, the most complex coiling pattern in Phoxinus. Its 

 length 278% of standard length. This coiling type formed very early ontogenetic ally, as 

 observed in specimens at about 18 mm standard length. Anterior chamber of gas bladder 

 short, about 66% of posterior one in length. Pneumatic duct placed at the constriction. Pe- 

 ritoneum dark. 



Tuberculation. Entire body, including lateral, dorsal, and ventral sides of body and 

 head, bearing tubercles. Each scale of the six to eight rows of the breast scales (four rows 

 observed in one specimen) bearing 3 or 4 tubercles in one row at apical margin of scale. 

 Each antero ventral scale bearing fewer tubercles than each lateral scale; ventral side of 

 the body between base of pectoral fin and the origin of anal fin lacking tubercles. Each 

 scale at anterolateral body bearing one large tubercle; each scale on the posterior portion 

 of body, especially on ventral side of caudal peduncle, bearing three or four tubercles in 

 one row on its apical margin. Dorsal side of the second to fifth ray of pectoral fin bea- 

 ring two rows of tubercles; other pectoral rays bearing smaller and fewer tubercles, no tu- 

 bercles on interradial membranes. Ventral side of pectoral fin bearing fewer and smaller 

 tubercles than on the dorsal side. Ventral side of the pelvic fin bearing tubercles; fewer 

 tubercles on the dorsal side than on the ventral one of the pelvic fin. Anal and dorsal fins 

 bearing few tubercles. No tubercles present on caudal fin. 



Coloration. One lateral dark stripe, and 10-15 transverse bars present on trunk. Lateral 

 stripe ventral to transverse bars (without contacting the stripe). Lateral stripe uniform in 

 width throughout its length. Stripe extends through eye, opercle, and along body, to end 

 at base of caudal fin. No dark spots present at caudal fin base. Transverse bars short, al- 

 most evenly present at trunk from posterior to the opercle membrane's posterior margin 

 to the caudal fin base. In some specimens, about 10 dark short bars cross body dorsum, 

 but not connecting the lateral bars. A dorsal stripe from nape to dorsal side of caudal fin 

 not present in these specimens. In other specimens, however, one dark dorsal stripe ex- 

 tending from nape to base of caudal fin. the "crossing stripe" mentioned above not pre- 

 sent in these specimens. Numerous melanophores present dorsally to horizontal lateral 

 stripe. No melanophores present ventrally to horizontal stripe, except antero ventral por- 

 tion of body. Numerous melanophores at anteroventral part of body, from anterior portion 

 of lower jaw to pectoral fin base. Anterior end of the lower jaw bearing more melano- 

 phores than rest of ventral side of head. All fins bearing melanophores. First four to five 

 pectoral fin rays bearing more melanophores than other pectoral fin rays. In caudal, anal, 

 and pelvic fins, melanophores almost evenly present on the fins. 



