39 



Browne 1991a: Scholtz & Browne, in press). Bolboceratid wings are well known (Browne 

 1991a.b: Browne & Scholtz 1995). The following is a summary of those findings. 



Hind Wing Articulation Description 



First Axillary (Fig.66) 



Head - Dorsal surface normal size: convex. Antero-dorsal margin normal width; weakly 

 deplanate: very strongly oriented ventro-distad. Antero -proximal margin very strongly 

 enlarged ventrally. Po stem -proximal margin weakly enlarged proximally. FSc2 convex. 

 Base normal width. Apex rounded: oriented postero-distad. Anterior surface broad; very 

 long; not waisted medially. FScl very weak; small; slender; fused to the proximal margin 

 of the ventrad projection. Dorsal and ventral surfaces convex. Apex acute. Ventral 

 projection weakly tapered from the base to apex; short but of average width; deeply 

 concave; oriented disto-ventrad and curved posteriad. Apex narrower than the base; 

 rounded. Concavity located in the preapical area; surrounded by three unequally strong 

 ridges. Dorso-medial surface concave. Ventral surface convex. Distal embayment oriented 

 dorsad. FSc2 weakly deltoid to digitate; moderately broad; oriented distad and weakly 

 dorsad. Dorsal surface very convex; not enlarged. Ventral surface convex. Apex truncate. 

 Head and neck dorsal surface weakly curved proximad. Ventral re-enforcing ridge 

 prominent. 



Neck normal width but extremely short; weakly oriented antero-distad; broadly articulated 

 with 2Ax; discontinuous with tail. Proximal margin curved ventrad. Distal margin concave. 

 Distal embayment concave; with an extremely strong secondary embayment supported 

 posteriorly by a sclerotized plate; extremely deep but very narrow. 

 Tail - Dorsal view: Proximal arch strongly but narrowly expanded postero-distally; falcate: 

 strongly curved postero-distad. Antero-proximal margin deeply concave. Dorsal surface 

 weakly concave. Postero-proximal margin extremely convex; strikingly recurved; strongly 

 enlarged proximad. Articulation with PRR posteriorly extremely strong; very weak 

 anteriorly; markedly enlarged posteriorly and distally; with a broad and strong connection 

 along the medial groove and recurved arch. Posterior margin moderately concave. Distal 

 arch normal size. Apex very weakly curved ventrad and posteriad; aciculate. Distal margin 

 straight. - Ventral view: Proximal arch with a slender ridge. Posterior margin with a 

 prominent ridge. Distal arch with an extremely slender ridge. 



Second Axillary (Fig. 67) 



Radial Fulcalare extremely slender; moderately sclerotized; articulation with 2Ax ridge 

 extremely narrow. 



Ridges - Dorsal view: Proximal ridge entire; distinct from lobe. Apex not spatulate. 

 Anterior to antero-median section partially concealed by the distal ridge. Antero-median 

 to postero-median section strongly elevated above the distal ridge; demarcated from body 

 by an impression. Posterior section moderately enlarged above the dorso-distal ridge; 

 slender; incorporated into lobe; distinct from lobe but only weakly extended past the 

 posterior margin of lobe; extends posteriad from the median. Distal ridge weakly distinct 

 from lobe. Apex oriented ventro-proximad; convex and broadly falcate; moderately short. 



