206 



97) visibility of posterior opening of carotid canal in ventral view: 0 = not visible; 1 = visible; 9 = 

 carotid canal absent. 



98) visibility of foramen of posterior opening of carotid canal in ventral view: 0 = not visible; 1 = 

 visible; 9 = carotid canal absent. 



99) direction of posterior opening of carotid canal, I: 0 = distinctly greater than 45° medially (i.e., 

 roughly medially); 1 = roughly 45° medially; 2 = distinctly less than 45° medially (i.e., roughly 

 posteriorly); 9 = absent. 



* 100) direction of posterior opening of carotid canal, II: 0 = roughly 90° (i.e., medially); 1 = distinctly 

 greater than 45° medially but distinctly less than 90°; 2 = roughly 45° medially; 3 = distinctly less 

 than 45° medially but distinctly greater than 0°; 4 = roughly 0° (i.e., posteriorly); 9 = carotid canal 

 absent. 



101) posteromedial bony shelf of auditory bulla extending from aperture of carotid canal to posterior 

 lacerate foramen: 0 = absent; 1 = rudimentary or present; 9 = carotid canal absent. 



102) dorsal wall of carotid canal: 0 = open; 1 = closed; 9 = carotid canal absent. 



103) unidentified bone encircling posterior opening of carotid canal: 0 = absent; 1 = present; 9 = 

 carotid canal absent. 



104) opening of carotid canal in auditory bulla: 0 = anterior or anteroventral to posterior lacerate 

 foramen; 1 = adjacent to posterior lacerate foramen; 9 = carotid canal absent. 



* 105) median lacerate foramen in auditory bulla: 0 = absent; 1 = present. 



106) size of median lacerate foramen: 0 = small; 1 = medium; 2 = large; 9 = absent. 



107) mastoid lip in region of external cochlear foramen: 0 = absent; 1 = rudimentary or present. 



108) external cochlear foramen: 0 = open; 1 = closed; 9 = absent. 



109) relationship between stylomastoid and auricular foramen: 0 = confluent / common; 1 = 

 intermediate; 2 = separate; 9 = auricular foramen absent. 



110) relationship of tympanohyal and stylomastoid foramen: 0 = separated; 1 = closely associated. 



111) location of tympanohyal relative to stylomastoid foramen: 0 = anterior; 1 = posterior. 



112) position of petrosal relative to intracranial ridges of basioccipital continuous anteriorly with the 

 dorsum sellae: 0 = widely separate; 1 = intermediate; 2 = closely adjacent. 



113) relative size of dorsal region of petrosal: 0 = unexpanded; 1 = intermediate; 2 = expanded. 



114) relative size and shape of petrosal apex: 0 = absent / unexpanded and pointed; 1 = intermediate; 

 2 = dorsoventrally thickened and bulbous. 



115) roof of internal auditory meatus: 0 = reduced; 1 = full internal auditory meatus. 



116) bony spur of roof of internal auditory meatus: 0 = absent; 1 = present. 



117) inflation of bullar chamber: 0 = not inflated; 1 = inflated. 



Bony tentorium and bony falx (5 characters) 



118) contribution of parietal to bony tentorium: 0 = none / processus tentoricus absent; 1 = contributes. 



119) contribution of parietal to bony falx: 0 = none; 1 = contributes; 9 = bony falx absent. 



120) ventral extension of bony tentorium: 0 = does not approach floor of braincase; 1 = approaches 

 dorsal region of petrosal; 2 = approaches or contacts floor of braincase. 



121) morphology of bony falx proper: 0 = absent; 1 = sail-shaped; 2 = vertical; 3 = inverse sail. 



122) partial bony falx: 0 = absent; 1 = present. 



