CHAPTER IV. 

 1568 — 1589. 



ALMANZA VICEROY. CHICHIMECAS REVOLT JESUITS INQUI- 

 SITION. PESTILENCE. NO INDIAN TRIBUTE EXACTED. AL- 

 MANZA DEPARTS XUARES VICEROY. WEAK ADMINISTRA- 

 TION INCREASE OF COMMERCE. PEDRO MOYA DE CONTRE- 



RAS VICEROY. REFORMS UNDER A NEW VICEROY. HIS POW- 

 ER AS VICEROY AND INQUISITOR. ZUNIGA VICEROY. TREA- 

 SURE PIRACY. CAVENDISH DRAKE CAPTURES A GALEON. 



ZUNIGA AND THE AUDIENCIA OF GUADALAJARA HIS DEPOSI- 

 TION FROM POWER. 



Don Martin Enriquez de Almanza. 

 IV. Viceroy of New Spain. 

 1568—1580. 



The salutary lesson received by the Audiencia in the events 

 which occurred in the metropolis during late years, induced its 

 members to conduct themselves with less arrogance during the 

 short time they held supreme power after the departure of the Visi- 

 tadores. In October of 1568, a new viceroy, Don Martin Enriquez 

 de Almanza, arrived at Vera Cruz, whence he reached the capital 

 on the 5th of the following November after having routed the 

 English whom he found in possession of the Isle of Sacrificios. 



Don Martin immediately perceived, upon assuming the reins of 

 government, that it was necessary to calm the public mind in the 

 metropolis which, from recent occurrences, now began to regard 

 all men in authority with jealousy and distrust. He let the people 

 understand, therefore, from the first, that he did not design to 

 countenance any proceedings similar to those which had lately 

 almost disorganized and revolutionized the colony. An occasion 

 soon presented itself in which his prudence and discretion were 

 required to adjust a serious dispute concerning the Franciscan 

 monks and in which the people sympathized with the brotherhood 

 and their supposed rights. Any act of rigor or harshness would 



