CHAPTER IX. 

 1642 — 1654. 



S0T0MAY0R VICEROY. ESCALONA VINDICATED. MONASTIC PRO- 

 PERTY. BIGOTRY OF PALAFOX. GUZMAN VICEROY. INDIAN 



INSURRECTION. REVOLT OF THE TARAHUMARES. SUCCESS 



OF THE INDIANS INDIAN WARS. DUKE DE ALBURQUERQUE 



VICEROY ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE HIM. COUNT DE BANOS 



VICEROY. ATTEMPT TO COLONIZE. ESCOBAR Y LLAMAS AND 



DE TOLEDO VICEROYS. DEPREDATIONS OF BRITISH CRUISERS. 



NUNO DE PORTUGAL VICEROY. 



Don Garcia Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 

 Count de Salvatierra, Marques de Sobroso, 

 XIX. Viceroy of New Spain. 



1642 — 1648. 



Philip IV. seems to have been more anxious to use Palafox as 

 an instrument to remove the Duke of Escalona, than to empower 

 him, for any length of time, with viceroyal authority; for, no sooner 

 did he suppose that the duke was displaced quietly without leaving 

 the government in the hands of the Audiencia, than he appointed 

 the Conde de Salvatierra as his representative. This nobleman 

 reached his government on the 23d of November, 1642, and Pala- 

 fox immediately retired from his office, still preserving, however, 

 the functions of Visitador. At the conclusion of this year the duke 

 departed from Churubusco for San Martin, in order to prepare for 

 his voyage home ; and in 1643, this ill used personage left New 

 Spain having previously fortified himself with numerous certificates 

 of his loyalty to the Spanish crown, all of which he used so skil- 

 fully in vindication before the vacillating and imbecile king, that 

 he was not only exculpated entirely, but offered once more the 

 viceroyalty from which he had been so rudely thrust. The duke 

 promptly rejected the proposed restoration, but accepted the vice- 

 royalty of Sicily. Before he departed for the seat of government, 



