RIVERS, POPULATION, REMAINS IN YUCATAN AND CHIAPAS. 171 



The other important towns are San Juan Chamula, containing 

 4,000 inhabitants ; San Bartolomeo de los Llanos, whose 7,000 

 people are chiefly engaged in the cultivation of cotton, sugar, to- 

 bacco and corn ; San Domingo Comitlan ; San Jacinto Ocozingo, 

 with 3,000 inhabitants who devote themselves to the .care of cattle, 

 and cultivate some cacao and corn ; Tuxtla, with 5,000 inhabitants 

 who trade in tobacco and cacao ; San Domingo Sinacantan, on the 

 borders of Tabasco in the territory of the Zoques, with 2,500 in- 

 habitants who employ themselves in the culture of silk, of which 

 they weave shawls and other similar fabrics, which are esteemed of 

 a good merchantable quality, and are used in the country or adjacent 

 states ; Chiapa de los Indios ; Tecpatlan ; Ostoacan ; Teopixca ; 

 Acapala ; Capanabastla ; Izcuintenango ; San Fernando Guada- 

 lupe ; and Simojovel. 



Chiapas is represented to be rich in rivers which rise chiefly in 

 the highlands towards the state of Tabasco and debouche into the 

 Mexican Gulf. The Tabasco river or the Rio de Grijalva ; the 

 Usumasinta, the Chicsoi or the Santa Isabella; — the Machaquita, 

 San Pedro, Dolores, Yalchitan, Chacamas, Zeldales, Yeixhihujat, 

 Chatlan, and some others ; the Pacaitun or Paicutun ; the laguna 

 de Chiapa ; some mineral waters ; and a valuable salt spring in 

 the vicinity of San Mateo, enrich various portions of this fertile 

 state, whose climate, especially in its higher regions, is said to be 

 delicious and uniform. The number of the population of this state 

 is not officially known. In 1831, a census made by order of the 

 governor Ignacio Gutierrez, which however, did not include fifteen 

 parishes, gave 118,775 inhabitants for the rest of the state. An 

 estimate in a Mexican calendar of 1833 represents the number to 

 be about 96,000, while the government calculation for a basis of 

 representation in Congress in 1842, gives it 141,206, to which about 

 10 per cent, should be added to give the proximate population in 

 1850. The Indian tribes of the Zoques, Cendales or Zeldales, 

 Teochiapanecos and Mames are still very numerous, and, of course, 

 form the greater part of the population. 



Ancient Remains in Yucatan and Chiapas. 



The physical description of these two States, presented in the 

 preceding pages, will have satisfied the reader that they possess a 

 prolific soil and an agreeable climate which would probably attract 

 a large population had they been properly explored and developed 

 by an energetic race. We are sustained in this belief by the fact, 



