CHAPTER IV. 



PUEBLA DIVISIONS PRODUCTIONS FACTORIES. RIVER 



STREAMS PUEBLA DE LOS ANGELES CATHEDRAL TOWNS 



MINES, QUARRIES MOUNTAINS POPOCATEPETL ATLIXCO 



OLIVARES ASCENT OF THE MOUNTAIN THE CRATER 



ELEVATION. PYRAMID OF CHOLULA VISIT TO THE PYRAMID 



CORRECT DIMENSIONS. TERRITORY OF TLASCALA HISTORY 



POSITION SIZE PRODUCTIONS TOWNS. .. 



THE STATE OF PUEBLA. 



Nearly all of this State lies in the torrid zone, occupying a por- 

 tion of the table land, and stretching westwardly down the slopes 

 of the Sierra Madre to the Pacific Ocean, between the parallels 

 of 16° 17' and 20° 40' north latitude. From the mouth of the 

 river Tecoyame to Mextitlan, it is 126 leagues long, and from 

 Tehuacan to Mecameca, 53 leagues broad. It contains an area 

 of 2,700 square leagues. On the north it is bounded by the 

 State of Queretaro, north-easterly by the State of Vera Cruz, 

 easterly by Oajaca, westwardly by Mexico and south-westwardly, 

 for 28 leagues, by the Pacific Ocean. The last enumeration of in- 

 habitants to which we have access, assigned 954,000 individuals to 

 the State of Puebla, in the year 1832; but the estimate made for 

 the basis of a call of congress in 1842, gave it only 661,902. 



This State is divided into 25 partidos, or districts, the chief of 

 which are Atlixco, Guauchinango, Ometepec, Puebla, Tepeaca, 

 Tehuacan de las Granadas, Tlapan, and Zacatlan. It possesses 5 

 cities and towns, 126 parishes, 590 villages, 412 haciendas or planta- 

 tions, and 857 large and small ranchos or farms. The surface of 

 this State is divided between mountains, vallies, plains or low lands; 

 and produces corn, wheat, barley, chile, maguey, beans and all the 

 hardier, together with some of the southern fruits and plants. The 

 wheat flour of Puebla is celebrated for its excellence, and has some- 

 times been exported to Havana and South America. 



In the neighborhood of Oajaca cochineal is sometimes produced; 

 and on the low lands towards the western coast, cotton, rice, and 

 small quantities of coffee and sugar are cultivated. The Llanos de 

 Apam, in the neighborhood of the State of Mexico are celebrated 

 for their fertility, and especially renowned for the excellence of the 

 pulque, produced from the maguey or Agave Americana. 



