WAR-ROADS AND WAR-PATH RIVERS. 



29 



Eed Lake Eiver, thence across the prairies in the Valley 

 of Eed Lake Eiver to Miniwaken or Devil's Lake, in Da- 

 kotah Territory. 



2. " War-path Eiver," from the south-west corner of 

 the Lake of the Woods to Eoseau Eiver, thence to the 

 prairies west of Eed Eiver — the same tribes. 



3. " War-path Eiver," from Lake Winnipeg to the Little 

 Saskatchewan, thence to the prairies south of Manitobah 

 Lake — the old war-path of the Swampy Crees, the As- 

 sinniboines and Sioux, also of the Swampy Crees and the 

 Lake Winnipeg Ojibways. 



4. The " War-road," near the Elbow of the South 

 Branch of the Saskatchewan, on the flanks of the Grand 

 Coteau, of the Blackfeet and Plain Crees. 



5. The " War-road " of the Sioux, Blackfeet and 

 Crows, in the valley of the Yellowstone. 



September 27th. — A stormy uncomfortable night. 

 Wavys, as the half-breeds term them, Wa-wa in Cree, 

 ( Anser hyperboreus), flying to the south early this morning 

 in large flocks, were regarded as a sure sign of approaching 

 winter. The Indians say there is some fine land with 

 large trees in the rear of this part of the river, but from 

 our camp to St. Martin Lake, about thirteen miles in an 

 air-line from Lake Winnipeg, the banks are low and marshy. 

 St. Martin Lake once reached, small eminences, which 

 in this flat country almost deserve the name of hills, 

 appear on the south and north coasts, before entering 

 the Narrows. In general the shores are very low, par- 

 ticularly to the south-east. The Narrows are caused by a 

 remarkable barrier of boulders, chiefly consisting of the 

 unfossiliferous rocks, about six feet above the lake and 

 twenty feet broad. On the west side of the barrier there 

 is an extensive wide-spreading marsh, but the water of 

 the lake is clear, as in most limestone regions. 



