178 ASSINNIBOINE AND SASKATCHEWAN EXPEDITION. 



CHAP. XXXII. 



MISSIONARY LABOUR AND ITS RESULTS. 



Indians in Canada. — Distinction between Indian Nations and Tribes. — The 

 Ojibways and Mistassins. — Families, Nations, Tribes, and Bands. — 

 Indian Families of Iiupert's Land and Canada. — The Algonquins and 

 Iroquois. — The Hurons or Wyandots. — Dispersion of the Hurons. — The 

 Iroquois Confederation. — Statistics of Indians in Canada. — Canadian 

 Special Commission. — The Indian Department. — Efforts to ameliorate 

 the Condition of Indians. — The Manitoulin Islands and the Mission at 

 Manitouaning. — The Roman Catholic Missions. — Their School and 

 Village. — Wikwemikong. — Wesleyan Methodist Missions. — Indian 

 Labour Schools. — Cause of the Failure. — Condition of some Indian 

 Villages in Canada. — The Indians of the Northern Coast of Lakes Huron 

 and Superior. — Treaty with these Indians. — Distribution of Annuities. — 

 Hudson's Bay Company. — Sale of Birthrights. — Suggestion with Reference 

 to a Permanent Fund for the Supervision and Instruction of Indians. — 

 Lands surrendered by Indians in Canada. — Testimony of Missionaries and 

 Agents in Relation to Indians. — Advantage of Settled Homes. — Compact 

 Reservations. — Indian Progress in Michigan. — At Red Lake. — At Red 

 River. — Suggestions with regard to the Amelioration of the Condition 

 of Indians generally. — Missionary Labour in Rupert's Land. — The 

 School-house. — Suggestion for the Establishment of a General Store for 

 Outposts. — Native Language. — The Bishop of Rupert's Land. — His 

 Charge, January, 1860. — The Earl of Southesk. — A Christian Assin- 

 niboines' Band. — The Church in the Wilderness. 



The prospective condition of the Indian race in Eupert's 

 Land will be greatly dependent upon the steps which 

 may be taken by the future government of the country, 

 to provide for their instruction in the Christian religion ; 

 their assumption of a settled mode of life, and their con- 

 sequent advancement in civilization. 



The experience of a century in Canada cannot be 



