AEPINUS ATOMIZED. 



849 



an equal and sïmilar assemblage of our hypothetical atoms, whatever 

 be the îmraber of electrions in each, not uecessarily the saine in ail. 

 Henca onr hypothetical atom realizes perfeetly for sparse assemblages 

 Earaday's suggestion of „small globular conductors, as shot" to 

 explain the electro-polarization which he discovered in solid and liquid 

 insulators. (Expérimental Researches, § 1679). 



§ 24. Denoting now by N the number of atoms per unit volume we 

 find N F a 3 F as t he electric moment of any sparse enough assemblage 

 of uniform density occupying volume V in a uniform electric field of 

 intensity F. Hence Nu 3 is what (following the analogy of electro-magnetic 

 nomenclature) we may call the electro-inductive susceptibility ') of the 

 assemblage; being the electric moment per unit bulk induced by an 

 electric field of unit intensity. Denoting this by yu, and the electro- 

 inductive permeability by co we have \_Electrostatics and Magnetism 

 § 6*9, (14)], 



which proves the proposition stated at the commencement of § 23. 



§ 25. To include vibrating and rotating groups of electrions in the 

 démonstration, it is only necessary to remark that the time-average of 

 any component of the displacement of the centre of inertia of the group' 

 relatively to the centre of the atom will, under the influence of F 3 be 

 the same as if the assemblage were at rest in stable equilibrium. 



§ 26. The considération of liquids consisting of closely packed 

 mobile assemblages of atoms or groups of atoms with their electrions, 

 forming compound molécules^, as in liquid argon or hélium (monatomic), 

 nitrogen ; oxygen ; etc., (diatomic) or pure water, or water with salts or 

 other chemical substances dissolved in it, or liquids of various complex 

 chemical constitutions, cannot be entered on in the présent communi- 

 cation, further than to remark that the suppositions we have made 

 regarding forces, electric and other, between electrions and atoms, seem 

 to open the way to a very defmite detailecl dynamics of electrolysis, of 

 chemical affinity, and of heat of chemical combination. Estimâtes of the 



l ) Suggested in my „Electrostatics and Magnetism", §§ 628, 629. 

 ARCHIVES NÉERLANDAISES, SEUIE II. T. VI. 54 



