16 



subgenital plate and is possibly the sclerotisation of the dorsal walls of the fused coxites 

 and hence a part of the appendages of segment 9. This S9d can be either separated from 

 or connected with the ventral main sclerotisation of the subgenital plate (around the lateral 

 and posterior edges of the plate, as in fig.321k), and it may either occupy an extensive 

 part of the ventral wall of the genital pouch or is restricted to the marginal areas close to 

 the edges of the subgenital plate. The sclerotisations comprised in S9d are certainly not 

 homologous in a strict sense throughout the species. 



The phallomere complex 



The phallomere complex will be divided into two main parts belonging to the left and to 

 the right half of the body: left complex and right phallomere. This major division is shown 

 in fig.321e and f, where the two parts are separated (compare fig. 32 Id). Both are 

 complicated structures with intensively folded cuticle and with sclerotised and 

 membranous areas. Left complex and right phallomere are extremely asymmetrical in all 

 Blattaria and Mantodea. The phallomere-gland (penis-gland, conglobate gland; P in 

 fig.321e) opens on the left complex; at least its outlet channel is cuticuUsed. Since the 

 morphology of the phallomere complex is highly variable within Blattaria and Mantodea, 

 a description valid for all subgroups is impossible. The following description corresponds 

 to the common ground-plan of Blattaria and Mantodea. In addition, some important 

 derived states will be mentioned. 



Left complex 



Several left-lateral and ventral sclerites are designated L4 (fig.321e,g,i): A large crescent- 

 shaped L4-sclerite occupies the left edge of the left complex, including the adjacent 

 margins of the dorsal and ventral walls, and the anteriormost ventral wall. Along most of 

 this sclerite there runs an apodeme (swe in fig.321e,g), which is groove-like posteriorly 

 but solid and beam-like anteriorly (the groove is filled in by the cuticle becoming 

 thickened). The posteriormost part of the sclerite occupies a short process (pda in 

 fig.321e,g). As a derived condition, the dorsal part of the sclerite can be strongly expanded 

 to the right, and the dorsal and the ventral parts of the sclerite can be separated. A second, 

 plate-like L4-sclerite lies in the right ventral wall. Another L4-sclerite in the anterior left 

 ventral wall bears a node-like process (nla in fig.321i; present in Blattaria only). These 

 three L4-sclerites can be separated from or connected with each other in the anterior 

 ventral wall. 



In the central and right parts of the left complex there are two pouches invaginated 

 anteriad, which lie one above the other. The walls of the dorsal pouch (pne in fig.321e,n) 

 are largely occupied by the hood-shaped sclerite LI. The phallomere-gland (P in fig.321e) 

 opens into this pne-pouch. The ventral pouch (Ive in fig.321e,g) contains the L2-sclerite, 

 which is often restricted to the dorsal wall of the pouch and extends like an arch along 

 its anterior and lateral margins. The left posterior part of sclerite L2 leaves the Ive-pouch 

 and extends onto a process (paa in fig.321e,g) immediately to the right of the pda-process. 

 The sclerotisations of L4 and L2 are connected in between the processes pda and paa. 

 The right end of sclerite L2 articulates with sclerite LI (articulation A2 in fig.321e,n). 



