186 



(flg. 107, 108) resembles that of Cryptocercus (18 in fig. 153), but its sclerotisation is 

 connected with the Ll-ring dorsally and ventrally. 



Some features are certainly derived (compared with the previous species and with the 

 ground-plan): Lla (fig.323h) and pne are flat (not hood-shaped). The Ll-ring is not 

 complete since Llm has a gap between its base on Lla and A2 (arrow in fig.323h; this 

 situation differs from Polyphaga where the ring has a gap ventrally between Lll and A2: 

 arrow in fig. 3231). A2 has become a broad hinge-like articulation, and the part of Llm 

 next to A2 is strongly enlarged (compare fig.323h and i,l,m). LI, pne, and dca are - 

 compared with Ergaula, Polyphaga, and Cryptocercus - rotated 40° (counterclockwise as 

 seen from behind): The membranous part of the pne-wall (removed in fig. 107) is on the 

 left. 



In Tryonicus parvus (fig. 94, 95, 323g) LI, pne, and dca are even further rotated, and the 

 membranous part of the pne-wall is ventral. Compared with Polyphaga or Cryptocercus, 

 LI and pne are rotated 120°; compared with e.g. Sphodromantis, where LI and pne are 

 rotated in the opposite direction, the angle of rotation is 300°. Therefore, in comparing T. 

 parvus with the other species, LI should be viewed from ventrally (fig.323g, left picture). 

 The anterior part of LI (Lla in fig.323g) is a flat ribbon in the dorsal wall (rotation! 

 former ventral wall) of the distinct but narrow anterior part of the pouch pne (fig.95). The 

 position of the phallomere-gland opening is, having the Ll-rotation in mind, exactly the 

 same as in Cryptocercus or T. angustus. The sclerotisation of the two bulges dca posterior 

 to Lla can be interpreted (fig.323g) as a complete sclerite-ring composed of the regions 

 Llm, Lll, and Llr (like in Ergaula and Cryptocercus) and an additional expansion of LI 

 onto dca. The Lll-arm runs mesad because of the Ll-rotation. Llm first extends far 

 laterad, then it turns to the left, where it forms, like in T. angustus, a large plate and a 

 broad hinge-like articulation A2 with L2. 



Archiblatta, other Blattinae, and Eurycotis 



In Archiblatta LI, pne, and dca (fig. 53, 54, 323f) can be easily identified: They take a 

 position in the central dorsal wall of the left complex. The anterior part of LI (Lla-region 

 in fig.323f) lies in a pouch pne. At its right margin LI articulates with L2 (A2 in fig.54). 

 The dca are membranous cushions at the left-posterior margin of LI (fig.54); however, 

 the dca are not very similar to those of e.g. Cryptocercus (fig. 153). loa resembles loa of 

 Mantodea (feature 12. in 6.1.1.). Some features can be regarded as derived: The pne- 

 pouch is less deep and distinct than in all species discussed before (fig. 53, 54). The Lla- 

 region has become level as in Tryonicus. The phallomere-gland (P in fig. 56) opens in the 

 same position as in Ergaula - beneath the dca-processes (fig. 54-56, 105, 106). (This 

 situation has certainly been achieved independently in Ergaula diXid. Archiblatta). There are 

 no distinct arms Lll and Llm (and also no ring-formation or region Llr). The vestiges 

 of Lll and Llm can be localised according to their characteristic relative positions 

 (fig. 323): Lll is left-anterior to the dca-cushions; Llm is right-anterior to the dca-cushions 

 and bears articulation A2. 



In other Blattinae (with Deropeltis, Blatta, and Periplaneta studied) LI is similar to 

 Archiblatta, but the dca-processes are rather variable, and the pne-pouch is less distinct 



