203 



membrane posterior to genital opening), it is likely to be the homologue of 16b of Eurycotis 

 (fig.71), Sphodromantis (fig. 18), and the other species. 15 and 16a have been lost; this 

 might be a consequence of the extreme reduction of the Ive-pouch. 



Anaplecta 



The homology of the elements designated L2, Ive, via, paa, and pda in Anaplecta with 

 the respective elements of the other species is suggested by the following features: The 

 whole area labelled Ive (fig. 210-213), whose anterior part narrows to form the Ive- 

 apodeme, is a large invagination to the anterior, which lies beneath the pne-"pouch" 

 (fig.209). Ive and pne are connected by a stout muscle (13 in fig.201, 222, 50, 128). L2 

 is mainly restricted to the dorsal wall of Ive. Anteriorly, however, L2 also occupies the 

 margins of the ventral Ive-wall (fig. 211, 225) - similar to Polyphaga (fig. 123) and 

 Lamproblatta (fig. 181). That a phallomero-sternal muscle inserts on the Ive-pouch 

 resembles Eurycotis (s7 in fig. 58, 200). That L2 forks at the base of the Ive-apodeme is 

 regarded as a vestige of the primitive arch-shape (compare fig. 3241 and d,k); this is 

 confirmed by the morphology of the two branches of the fork: The right branch is upcurved 

 at its right margin (fig. 21 1-213), like the right part of L2 in other Blattaria. The cuticular 

 area containing this part of L2 can therefore be regarded as the right dorsal (= inner) wall 

 of the Ive-pouch. Anterior to this right L2-part there opens, like in the other species (e.g. 

 Mantoida, fig.46), the ejaculatory duct (D in fig.211). The left branch of L2 continues 

 into a sclerotisation bearing two processes (paa in fig. 211, pda in fig. 214). This is the 

 same situation as at the left end of the L2-arch of Mantoida, Polyphaga, and Tryonicus. 

 Muscle 110 runs, like HO of Polyphaga and Lamproblatta (fig.222, 129, 186), from the 

 sclerotisation of paa and pda to L2 in the left-dorsal Ive-wall. The relative positions of 

 the vla-lobe (fig.205, 218-220) and its sclerite L4G (fig.205) in the ventral wall of the 

 left complex are especially similar to those of via and L4G of Tryonicus (fig. 87, 205), 

 with via having a left edge (61 in fig.205) reaching far anteriad (farther than in Tryonicus, 

 fig. 87, but not as far as in Cryptocercus, fig. 148). 



In contrast to all other species, the edge of the Ive-pouch is - except in the area of the 

 Ive-apodeme - not continuous throughout (compare edges 7 in fig. 55, 122, 180, 211, 212) 

 but interrupted by some apomorphic membranous foldings (fig. 212-219): e.g. outfolding 

 vfa, infolding vpe (fig.214, 215, 217). For that reason it is difficult to determine the 

 homologies of the muscles of this area with the 15- and 16-muscles of the other species. 

 16b (fig. 224) is probably homologous with 16b of e.g. Sphodromantis, Eurycotis, 

 Cryptocercus, and Lamproblatta (fig. 18, 71, 155, 189): All these 16b run from the sclerite 

 plates in the ventral vla-wall, or from their vicinity, to the dorsal vla-wall. In Anaplecta, 

 however, the dorsal insertion is not immediately behind the genital opening but is separated 

 from it by the outfolding vfa (compare fig. 223 and 224). vfa is therefore assumed to be 

 evaginated from the anteriormost dorsal wall of via and the ventral wall of the ejaculatory 

 duct. This assumption is supported by two other muscles: slO inserts on the ejaculatory 

 duct in Nahublattella (fig.249) and Parcoblatta (fig.276) but on the dorsal base of via in 

 Anaplecta (fig.222). 113 of Polyphaga (fig. 132), Cryptocercus (fig. 155), and Eurycotis 

 (113h in fig. 72) runs from the ejaculatory duct to the dorsal vla-wall posterior to it. 113 



