210 



Pouch Ive and its L2-sclerotisation The elements designated Ive and L2 have 

 a lot of features in common with Ive and L2 of Nahublattella and/or Anaplecta: Ive is a 

 deep anteriad-directed invagination in the center of the left complex which is partly 

 sclerotised (by L2; fig. 2 10, 242, 268, 299, 328). The anterior part of this Ive-pouch is a 

 tube-like Ive-apodeme with a membranous stripe in its ventral or right wall (44 in fig. 206, 

 239a, 245, 266, 297a). A muscle s7 runs from the Ive-apodeme to the left half of the 

 subgenital plate (fig.221, 249, 276, 328); in Blaberidae, s7 is missing in Blaberus but 

 present in Nauphoeta. A muscle 110 runs from the Ive-apodeme to the base of the Ive- 

 pouch; however, the positions of the UO-insertions are not exactly the same in the various 

 species, and in some species 110 is missing (fig.328d,e,f,k; discussion below). The 

 ejaculatory duct joins the Ive-pouch from the right side at the base of the Ive-apodeme 

 (like in Nahublattella; D in fig.242, 268, 299, 328). The genital opening is to the right of 

 the apodeme - only in Blaberus its position is more dorsal (fig. 328k), and only in 

 Parcoblatta its position is more ventral (fig.328e). Only in Ectobius the ejaculatory duct 

 opens far to the right of the apodeme (fig.328g). Where the ejaculatory duct joins the Ive- 

 pouch, Ive strongly widens, like in Nahublattella, and the right posterior part of Ive is 

 membranous (fig.328b-k; both is not true of Ectobhis, fig.328g). The phallomere-gland 

 opens into the posteriormost dorsal Ive-wall (like in Nahublattella, P in fig. 328; the 

 phallomere-gland has been lost in Supella, fig. 328c, and Ectobius, fig.328g). A muscle 14 

 runs from the L2-sclerotisation (fig.249, 276, 303, 328) to the left wall of the left complex, 

 where it is attached to L4-sclerotisations if present (discussion of L4 in 6.3.4.). 14 was 

 not found in Loboptera. 



The remaining muscles of this area have been investigated only in Parcoblatta and 

 Blaberus. Two further muscles having homologues in Nahublattella insert anteriorly on 

 the Ive-apodeme: 114 or 114a,b (fig.249, 276, 303) run to the hla-hook (discussion of 114 

 in 6.4.3.). 16a (fig.250, 277, 304) runs posteroventrad. In Blaberus and Nahublattella the 

 posterior 16a-insertion is still in the anteriormost ventral wall of the left complex, but in 

 Parcoblatta it has shifted far posteriad to the ventral wall of the genital pouch (fig.267). 

 In Blaberus and Parcoblatta 16a has strongly enlarged. 115 is restricted to Nahublattella 

 (fig.249); 142 is restricted to Blaberus (fig. 304). Parcoblatta and Blaberus have lost muscle 

 13 (from Ive to pne, compare Nahublattella, fig.250). 



Process via and its L2- and L4-sclerotisations All species except Loboptera 

 (fig.328f) and Ectobius (fig.328g) have a sclerotised process behind the Ive-pouch (via in 

 fig. 328), whose shape and size varies, and whose sclerotisation can be connected with 

 (fig.328d,e,k) or separated from (fig.328c,h,i) the L2-sclerotisation in the Ive-pouch. The 

 question arises whether these processes are homologous with the via-process (fig.244) or 

 with the psa-process (fig.245) of Nahublattella, and whether this homology relation is the 

 same in all species. 



Some similarities strongly suggest that via of Nyctibora is homologous with via of 

 Nahublattella: The sclerotisation at the right base of via articulates (AlO in fig.328b,h) 

 with the left posterior end of the L2-sclerite occupying the Ive-apodeme. The basal 

 sclerotisation of via forms a complete cylinder. A stout muscle runs from the Ive-apodeme 



