215 



Eurycotis has no distinct L4d-region; the demarcation of L4d in fig.325e is tentative. In 

 Archiblatta (fig.325f) and Periplaneta L4d is very distinct. 



Three other L4-regions are not present in Archiblatta but are apomorphic sclerotisations 

 of certain subgroups: 



- L4a (anterior), L4x: Sclerotisations of Lamproblatta and Polyphaga (and Ergaula) 

 which have developed by an expansion of the sclerites in the ventral wall of the vla- 

 lobe (definition in 6.3.4.). 



- L4b (between): A new sclerotisation in the ventral wall of the left complex of 

 Chaeteessa, Sphodromantis, and Metallyticus (definition in 6.3.3.). 



The left part of L4 of Mantoida (fig.44, 45) and the muscles inserting on it are very similar 

 to the regions L41 and L4d of Archiblatta, Periplaneta, and Eurycotis; homology is 

 assumed for the following similarities and elements (fig.325d,e,f): 



1. Both the left part of L4 {Mantoida) and L4C [Archiblatta) occupy the whole left edge 

 of the left complex and the anteriormost ventral wall (fig.44, 45, 53, 54). 



2. An apodeme swe extends along most of this sclerotisation (fig.44, 45, 53, 54); 

 anteriorly swe is massive and beam-like, posteriorly it is groove-like. 



3. The posteriormost part of both L4 and L4C occupies a process (pda in fig.44, 53). 

 However, only in Mantoida the sclerotisation of pda is connected with the L2- 

 sclerotisation of the paa-process (compare in 6.2.1.). 



4. Both L4 and L4C have a distinct dorsal extension to the right (L4d in fig.44, 53). 



5. Muscle 12 inserts on the swe- apodeme in the posterior half of L4 [Mantoida), or L4C 

 {Periplaneta), or L4H {Eurycotis) (fig.49, 70). 12 runs to the pne-pouch and inserts 

 on LI {Mantoida and Periplaneta) or in the membrane to the left of LI {Eurycotis). 



6. Muscle 14 inserts on swe ventral to 12 (fig. 50, 71) and runs to the Ive-pouch. 



7. Muscle si (fig. 48, 70), which comes from the left apophysis of the subgenital plate 

 (fig.37, 59), inserts on that part of L4, L4C, or L4H in the anteriormost ventral wall. 



The right part of L4 of Mantoida has some features in common with the regions L4v and 

 L4c of Archiblatta, Periplaneta, and Eurycotis (fig.325d,e,f): 



8. The posterior right part of L4 (fig.41, 47) has the same position in the ventral wall 

 of the vla-lobe as the L4G-sclerites (= L4v-region) have in Eurycotis (fig. 63, 66) and 

 Archiblatta (fig.54). 



9. The anterior right part of L4 is, like the anterior L4c-region in Archiblatta (L4E in 

 fig. 57) and Eurycotis, situated between the right anterior end of the L41-region and 

 the anterior end of the L4v-region. 



10. A muscle running to the ventral wall of the ejaculatory duct inserts on or near the 

 right part of L4 or on L4G, respectively: the postero ventral part of 16 in Mantoida 

 (fig.52), 16b in Eurycotis (fig. 70, 71) (compare in 6.2.1.). 



These features I. -10. suggest the homology relations shown in fig.325d,e,f. In Mantoida, 

 the regions L41, L4d, and L4v can be unambiguously identified, and the similarities 1.- 

 8. and 10. can be regarded as features of the common ground-plan of Blattaria and 

 Mantodea. L4c might be contained in the anterior right part of L4 (feature 9.), but this is 

 not certain since in Mantoida the extension of the L4v-region to the anterior cannot be 

 determined and the L4c-region is only indicated by its relative position in between L4v 



