222 



- In Polyphaga and Lamproblatta the left process pda is long and pointed, the right 

 process paa is somewhat saucer- or cup-shaped. 



- In Polyphaga and Ergaula the pda-processes are nearly identical. 



Polyphaga, Ergaula, and Lamproblatta (but not Anaplecta) have sclerotisations probably 

 homologous with the L4d-region of Tryonicus: 



- In Tryonicus the one end of L4N (to the right of pda) is connected with L2 occupying 

 paa and the Ive-pouch, and its other end has the extension L4d (fig. 96), which is 

 directed anteriad. 



- In Polyphaga and Ergaula L4N is also connected with L2, and its opposite end has an 

 extension, which, however, is directed to the left (L4d in fig. 11 8). 



- In Lamproblatta the sclerotisation L4S (fig. 178, 180) is connected with L2 at the left 

 end of the Ive-pouch. The distal part of L4S resembles L4d of Polyphaga - with the 

 difference that it is not connected with the sclerotisation of pda and paa (compare 

 fig.325i and k). I assume that in Lamproblatta a dividing line has formed which has 

 separated the following sclerotisations from each other (fig.329e,g): Posterior to the line 

 is the common sclerotisation of pda and paa (composed of L4T, a part of the former 

 L4N-sclerite, and L2C, a part of the former L2-sclerite). Anterior to the line are (1) 

 the part of the L2-sclerotisation at the left posterior end of the Ive-pouch and (2) the 

 other part of the former L4N-sclerite (L4S) which maintains the connection with L2 at 

 its one end and has the extension L4d at its other end (fig. 178). 



- The homology of the extensions L4d in Lamproblatta, Polyphaga, and Ergaula is 

 confirmed by muscle 111, which inserts on or near L4d and runs to sclerite L4K (fig. 128, 

 188, 327). 



- Nahublattella (complete discussion below) also has an extension similar to L4d of 

 Tryonicus or Polyphaga (L4d' in fig.242); it extends, like L4d of Polyphaga, from the 

 common sclerotisation of paa and pda to the left. In Anaplecta L4d has been lost. 



L4d is directed to the right in Mantoida (fig.44), right- anted ad in Archiblatta (fig.53), and 

 anteriad in Tryonicus (fig. 94). In Polyphaga and Ergaula (and Nahublattella) L4d has 

 even further rotated (counterclockwise as seen from above) and is directed to the left. 

 From such a position, L4d of Lamproblatta has additionally rotated 90° (clockwise as 

 seen from behind) and shows a dorsoventral orientation (fig. 178). 



L4N of Cryptocercus (fig. 1 50) is assumed to be homologous with the L4N of the other 

 species and to have the same orientation as in Polyphaga and Ergaula (compare fig. 117 

 and 150, 325h and k): Its left part is L4d, its right part is the pda-sclerotisation (fig.325h). 

 This is suggested by the following features: 



- L4N lies, like in the previous species, in the left dorsal wall of the left complex (fig. 150). 



- The right part of L4N lies, like the right part of L4N of Polyphaga and the right- 

 posterior part of L4N of Tryonicus, on a process (pda in fig. 150, 118, 96). 



- pda is, like in Tryonicus, Mantoida, and Polyphaga, situated to the left of (and 

 somewhat dorsal to) the paa-process (fig. 150, 96, 44, 117). 



- Within the angle formed by the sclerites L4N and L2 (fig. 150) there is the base of the 

 hla-hook. Tryonicus shows the same relations (fig. 97). 



- In Cryptocercus and Mantoida, the muscles 11 (fig.48, 155) and 12 (fig.49, 156) run 



