237 



The situation in Anaplecta is difficult to interpret. This concerns the presence of two outlet 

 ducts with their openings close to each other (P in fig.216), the position of these two 

 openings, and the presence of a muscle 125 (fig. 224) inserting between them. Taking a 

 situation like in Nahublattella as a starting point, the position of the openings could be 

 explained by the assumption of a further shift to the left within the dorsal wall of the 

 ejaculatory duct, and then ventrad to beneath the Ive-apodeme. However, the preceding 

 shift assumed for Nahublattella would have hardly been possible in Anaplecta since 

 between the membrane posteroventral to the pne-pouch (fig. 209) and the posterior dorsal 

 wall of the ejaculatory duct there are still extensive right parts of L2 (fig.211) "blocking" 

 this shift. The openings of Anaplecta are in one respect similarly situated as in 

 Lamproblatta: more or less ventral to the processes paa and pda (compare fig. 2 10 and 

 178). The position relative to the Ive-pouch, however, is completely different: dorsal to 

 Ive in Lamproblatta, ventral to Ive in Anaplecta. Possibly, the outlet ducts of Anaplecta 

 are new organs. In this case, for the remaining Blattellidae and for Blaberidae the 

 possibility has to be considered that their glands and outlet ducts are homologous with 

 those of Anaplecta (or one of them) and not with those of the other species. As a point 

 possibly interesting in this context, the spermathecae of the female genitalia have also 

 been replaced by completely new organs in Blattellidae and Blaberidae (McKittrick 1964). 



6.7. The elements of the right phallomere 

 6.7.1. Comparison between Blattaria and Mantodea 



The homology relations and the ground-plan of the elements of the right phallomere can 

 best be deduced from a comparison of Eurycotis, Chaeteessa, and Mantoida. 

 The cuticular elements of the right phallomeres of Eurycotis and Chaeteessa show the 

 following similarities: 



1. A sclerite R3 occupies the anteriormost ventral wall of the right phallomere (fig.28, 

 77). 



2. At least the right and the right anterior margins of R3 form a groove-like apodeme 

 age (fig.28, 77). 



3. The right posterior end of R3 articulates (A3 in fig.28, 77) with more posterior 

 sclerites {Eurycotis: RIF in fig.77; Chaeteessa: RIB in fig.28). 



4. The anterior part of both RIF and RIB extends to the left and reaches an edge (16 

 in fig.28, 77) along which it bends sharply dorsad. 



5. Then this sclerotisation arches dorsad and then to the left. The arching in a dorsal 

 direction is extensive in Eurycotis; in Chaeteessa it is less pronounced and the 

 sclerotisation extends mainly to the left. 



6. The posterior margin of this sclerotisation forms a posteriad-directed ridge (pva in 

 fig.28, 78). 



7. To the left of {Chaeteessa) or left- ventral to {Eurycotis) this pva-ridge the right 

 phallomere has a large central invagination (cbe in fig. 29a, 31, 77, 78; the whole of 

 cbe is a part of the ventral wall of the right phallomere). 



