275 



7.1. The common ground-plan of the phallomere complex of 

 Blattaria and Mantodea 



Fig.321a-p shows the cuticular elements and the muscles of the phallomere complex and 

 of the other parts of the male postabdomen as they have assumedly been in this ground- 

 plan. For some characters, however, the ground-plan state could not be resolved, since 



- the respective elements are (probably) present in the ground-plan of Blattaria but 

 completely absent in Mantodea: presence or absence of hla-hook, nla-process, dea- 

 processes, tre-tendon, sclerites L3 and R2, articulations A6, A7, A8, and A9, muscles 

 114, r6, s7, and s8. 



- the respective elements are present in the ground-plan of Mantodea but completely 

 absent in Blattaria: presence or absence of muscles r4 and bl. 



- the condition of the respective elements is different in the ground-plan of Mantodea and 

 in that of Blattaria: connection or separation of the L4-sclerotisations L4v/L4c, L41, 

 and L4n in the anterior ventral wall of the left complex; presence or absence of the 

 curvature (dorsad and back to the left) of the right parts of L2 and Ive; connection or 

 separation of the Rl-regions Rid and Rlv posterior to the membranous area 17. 



- the homology relations between Blattaria and Mantodea or within Blattaria are 

 questionable: presence or absence of loa-process, L5-sclerite, L4c-region, muscles 17, 

 113/b3, and b2. 



In fig.321 the elements or properties concerned are omitted or supplied with question- 

 marks. As regards all the data in 7.1., compare in 6.1.2., 6.2.2., 6.3.2., 6.4.2., 6.5., 6.7.2., 

 6.8., 6.9., and 7.5. 



Cuticular elements 



Left complex 



LI is an undivided sclerite in the central dorsal wall of the left complex. A large anterior 

 part of LI (Lla-region) is situated in a deep and distinct pne-pouch and is hood-shaped 

 (but not plateau-like anteriorly). The right posterior part of LI is a distinct arm-like 

 extension (Llm-region). There is possibly another arm-like extension formed by the left 

 posterior part of LI (Lll-region). Lll and Llm do not join each other ventrally to form 

 a sclerite-ring (no region Llr). The membranous part of the pne-wall has a roughly dorsal 

 position and receives the opening of the phallomere-gland P. A completely sclerotised loa- 

 process is probably present. Whether there are dea-processes is not decidable (omitted in 

 fig.321). 



The pouch Ive lies ventral to the pne-pouch. L2 is an undivided arch-shaped sclerite which 

 extends along the edges 7 of the Ive-pouch and is (almost) completely restricted to its 

 dorsal wall. Whether the right parts of Ive and L2 are level or curved dorsad and back to 

 the left is not decidable (curvature omitted in fig.321). The right end of L2, or its dorsal 

 left end if the right parts of L2 are up- and recurved, (L2m-region) shows a narrow (not 

 hinge-hke) articulation A2 with Llm. The left end of L2 (L2p-region) leaves the Ive- 

 pouch posteriorly, bends into the dorsal wall, and forms the sclerotisation of the paa- 

 process (L2d-region). paa is completely sclerotised, short, and somewhat upcurved. The 



