282 



there is a distinct L4F-sclerite (6.2.1., 6.3.1.). The ventral insertions of the 15-muscles (15a 

 and 15b in Eurycotis) have shifted posteriad and take a position on L4F (6.3.1.; 15a,b 

 could also be new muscles, but this would be a derived condition, too). The left insertion 

 of muscle b4b has shifted to the top of the pne-pouch (6.1.4., 6.7.1.). The anterior part 

 of sclerite LI (Lla-region) has been leveled, and muscle 11 has been lost (6.1.4.; these 

 two derived features, however, are also present in other subgroups of Blattaria: compare 

 grouping M (24) and grouping R (25) in 7.6.). On the right phallomere, the Rlt-region 

 has enlarged and occupies most of the cbe-invagination including its anterior wall (6.7.4.). 



Subgroup 2.1.1.: Archiblatta 



On the left complex, the paa-process has lost most of its sclerotisation (L2d-region; 

 6.2.1.). On the right phallomere, the Rlt-region has expanded to sclerotise the entire cbe- 

 invagination and has developed a broad connection with sclerite R2 (6.7.4.). Whether the 

 condition that the anterior L4c-region forms an isolated sclerite L4E is an apomorphy of 

 Archiblatta (and Periplaneta, Blatta, Deropeltis) or the plesiomorphic state within 

 subgroup 2.1. is not decidable (6.3.1.). 



Subgroup 2.1.2.: Eurycotis 



As compared with Archiblatta, the cuticular elements of the left complex show many 

 derived features: The L4d-region, if present at all, is no longer prominent from the outline 

 of the L41-region (6.3.1.). The posteroventral part of the Ive-pouch is extremely reduced 

 (6.2.1.). Sclerite L2 has lost the arch-shape and is plate-like: the arms of the arch, L2m 

 and L2p, are assumed to have fused (6.2.1.; like in the Mantodean subgroup 1.2.; compare 

 (B) in 7.5.). Within the vla-lobe there is a deep incision 9 (6.2.1.). The mla-lobe covering 

 L4F has evaginated from the ventral wall (6.3.1., fig. 63, 69). The pne-pouch has become 

 less distinct (6.1.4.). The left-dorsal wall of pne contains two probably new sclerites 

 L6A,B (6.1.4., 6.5.). 



As compared with Periplaneta, Blatta, and Deropeltis, the muscles also show some derived 

 features: The right insertion of 12 has shifted from sclerite LI to the adjacent membrane 

 (6.1.4.). Muscle 13 has divided into three bundles 13a,b,c (6.1.4., 6.2.1.). 

 The following derived features have not been investigated in the other species of subgroup 

 2.1., and it is unclear whether they are autapomorphies of Eurycotis or of a larger 

 holophyletic group within 2.1.: 115 (fig. 70) and some muscles in the mla- and vla-lobes 

 (113-group except for 113h, 6.5.; 116, 117, 118; fig.71-73) are new. The presence of a 

 separate muscle r5 might also be derived (fig. 80; this could be a new muscle or a split 

 off part of rl). 



Subgroup 2.2.: Tryonicus + (Cryptocercus + ( Lamproblatta + (Ergaula + Polyphaga))) 

 + (Anaplecta + (Nahublattella + (Supella + (Euphyllodromia + (Parcoblatta + (Nyctibora 

 + (Blaberus + Nauphoeta + Blaptica + Byrsotria))))))) 



The most important synapomorphy of all these species is that the L41-region reveals the 

 same division (at A5 or (A5) in fig.329e-h): As far as the various substructures are 

 preserved, and as far as no further subdivisions of the L41-region have occurred, the 



