287 



Subgroup 2.2.2.2.2.2.: Ergaula (capensis and capucina) 



On the left complex, the anteriormost part of L4M has split off to form an isolated sclerite 

 (with the insertions of s3 and sl2; 6.3.4.). Sclerite L4K has shifted somewhat farther 

 anteriad (6.3.4.). The dorsal part of L4K within the hla-base has shortened and fused to 

 the ventral anterior margin of sclerite L3 (6.3.4.). Muscle 111 has distinctly enlarged 

 (6.3.4.; investigated only in E. capucina). The paa-process has been lost (6.3.4.). On the 

 right phallomere, R2 has broadened, and R3 is now for most of its breadth confluent with 

 R2 (6.7.4.). The weak lines A7* and 13, representing the fusion lines between R2 and 

 R3 or R2 and Rlt, respectively, in Polyphaga, have been lost (6.7.4.). 



Subgroup 2.2.3.: Anaplecta + (Nahublattella + (Supella + (Euphyllodromia + 

 (Parcoblatta + (Nyctibora + (Blaberus + Nauphoeta + Blaptica + Byrsotria)))))) 

 All these species belong to Blattellidae and Blaberidae sensu McKittrick (1964). In 

 Anaplecta, Nahublattella, Parcoblatta, and Blaberus the whole phallomere complex has 

 been investigated, including its muscles. In the other species only certain parts or elements 

 have been studied, or their presence or absence has been checked (mainly the elements 

 listed in 5.15.). It will be exactly specified which derived features are known to be present 

 in which of these species. Ectobius and Loboptera will not be considered in the following 

 analysis since too few features have been investigated to correctly assess and assign these 

 species, which are probably highly modified in their phallomere morphology. 

 At least the following apomoiphies are present in all species comprised in this subgroup: 

 On the left complex, the introversible membranous basal part 30 of the hla-hook has 

 become very extensive, and hla can be almost completely retracted (6.4.3.). The hla-base 

 has shifted to the left posterior edge of the left complex (6.4.3.). (These two features are 

 possibly intercorrelated; compare (M), (N) in 7.5). The left part of the left complex, which 

 contains the hla-base, has been separated from the parts more to the right by the fpe- 

 infolding (6.4.3.). The anterior part of the Ive-pouch has been elaborated as a tube-like 

 Ive-apodeme (6.2.4.). The common sclerotisation of the processes paa and pda has become 

 stout and ring-shaped in its basal part (6.2.4.). (The resulting very close relation of paa 

 and pda and their sclerotisations might be the basis for the formation of the via-process 

 with an elongated common basal part of paa and pda in subgroup 2.2.3.2.). 

 On the right phallomere, the tre-tendon and its muscles b4 and s8 have been lost (like in 

 Lamproblatta: compare (I) in 7.5. and grouping E (73) in 7.6.; 6.7.5.). Sclerite RIN has 

 developed by a fusion of the former RIF and RIJ (6.7.6.; the loss of the membranous 

 area 17 and of the articulations A8 and A9 are concomitant derivations; all regions of Rl 

 are now included in one sclerite, like in the common ground-plan of Blattaria and 

 Mantodea). The loss of muscle r3 is probably correlated with this feature (6.7.6.). (The 

 fusion of RIF and RIJ and the loss of r3 have also been achieved in subgroup 2.2.2.2.2.: 

 compare grouping F (128) and (64) in 7.6. and (H) in 7.5.). The rge-groove on the Rlc- 

 region has been lost (6.7.6.; compare (J) in 7.5.). The median end of the Rlt-region has 

 developed a hook-like curvature (6.7.6.). (This feature is absent in Supella; it is assumed 

 to be rendered unrecognisable by the extreme expansion of sclerite RIN'. In subgroup 

 2.2.3.2.2.2. this curved area forms the cwe-thickening). 



