49 



Fig. 30: Brachyphylla nana, a: skull dorsal view, b: skull lateral view, c: skull basal view, d: mandible 

 top view 



Inner upper incisivi invigorates with pointed edge, outer incisors very small "squeezed into 

 the gap between the large incisivi and the canine tooth"; caninus strong but only slightly 

 longer than incisivi, anterior upper premolar very small, closely adjacent to canine tooth 

 and to posterior premolars. Posterior premolar very strong, pointed and almost tlie same 

 size as canine tooth. Upper molars broad with multiple cusps, lacking dilambdodont 

 ectolophs (dentition of a fruit eater). Lower incisivi small, the iimer ones equal in size to 

 the outer ones, completely filling the gap between the canine teeth; lower premolars 

 approximately equal in size with a pointed cusp (caniniform); last lower molar tooth 

 narrower than the front molars; thus the outHne of the tootli row becomes convex. 

 B. nana: Total skull length 27-29 mm. 

 B. cavernanim: Total skuU length 30-32 nmi. 



Ewphylla (figs.31-32) 



Skull: rostrum moderately elongate; zygomatic arches present; palates with two distinct 

 crosswise ridges anterior to each of the pterygoids; posterior edge of palate sharpened in 

 a V-shaped way. Base initially flat at the choanae, but basisphenoid with weU vaulted 

 "basisphenoid pits". Mandibula in lateral view flat and straight, with flat coronoid process 

 and strong angular process. 



Teeth: dental formula - 2 3 1 - - 3 4 5 6 7 



1 2 - 1 - - 3 4 5 6 7 



Upper incisivi: inner ones larger than outer ones; inner ones divided by a distinct middle 

 gap, at the upper edge broader than at the root, crowns with comb-like edge ("ravioli 

 edge"). Canines broad and strong; second upper premolar double the size of the first one, 

 both with a broad crown. First upper molar ahnost double as long as broad, the outer edge 



