Details of an Address hy Dr. Phene at Stonehenge. 251 



dates of their forming a temple, and the formation of the temple 

 by the larger stones — but I did not say of their forming a temple 

 here. As to whether they have been conveyed to Britain by man 

 for a religious, or for any purpose, I must leave others to decide ; 

 but I have no doubt they were conveyed to this spot for an important 

 purpose ; they were clearly brought and placed simultaneously. It 

 is evident this is a long way out of their usually selected location, 

 which, whether in the Balearic Islands, Brittany, or Cornwall, is 

 always on the coast ; or when inland, as in Cumberland or Scotland, 

 is confined to the regions of similar people of the mountain districts. 



Was there any event which would make a locality hereabouts a 

 spot for meeting ? Originally the sea traffic in British tin was round 

 Spain to Tyre ; then, after the Phoenicians were suppressed, it was 

 conveyed to the mouth of the Loire, and thence, by a carrying tribe 

 (which probably existed before the time of the Phoenicians, and with 

 which the latter themselves traded prior to their discovering the 

 passage to the Atlantic), to the mouth of the Rhone, and thence to 

 Africa, of which Carthage subsequently became the depot, as the 

 Baleares had first been. 



But the whole Channel Fleet, British and Continental, a fleet of 

 magnificent ships, as Caesar himself testifies, not generally, but 

 minutely, was summoned to join the naval force of the Veneti off 

 the coast, where the other great lithic monument of Europe — Carnac 

 — overlooks the sea. Caesar destroyed the fleet. 



I have shown in the British Archaeological Journal for the March 

 quarter of 1878, vol. xxxiv., the consequences of the destruction of 

 this fleet, and I now submit to you this further point. I have shown 

 that Cato having criticised C&esar in the Senate, on a point in which 

 the armour of his knights was indirectly involved — the Roman 

 armour being hardened with tin, Csesar really came to Britain to 

 re-establish the traffic in and the transit of tin, which he had des- 

 troyed with that fleet, as an evidence of which a new route for that 

 material through northern Gaul was established. Caesar states that 

 he levied a tribute on the Britons, and Strabo asserts that he re- 

 turned from Britain with "great booty." Now we know that the 

 natives had nothing to pay in but iin } for his ships could not have 



VOL. XIX. — NO. LVII. X 



