By Canon W. II Jones. 



333 



\7ioc parafo, legitur, versus aquilonem converso diacono, quod unus 

 iceropherarium post lectam epistolam in loco debito disponat et 

 Hornet," but this cannot be the one alluded to. 1 I may mention in 

 ipassing', that it is generally supposed that the union of the two 

 jlpulpits formed the rood-loft of the fourteenth and later centuries,, and 

 ^jaccounts for the custom that then prevailed of reading the epistle 

 imd gospel from that part of the church. 



It does not appear that in entering the choir for any of the 

 services the clerics went in anything like a procession. One section 

 Df the Consuetudinary is headed " Quando ad singulas horas ehorum 

 intrare licet; 33 and this defines accurately the period within which, 

 in order to be reckoned as present, they must appear in choir. They 

 entered moreover not only at different times, but at different parts 

 )f the cathedral; those who entered from the eastern portion, when 

 bhey reached the " graclus altaris 33 were to make an "inclination" first 

 to the altar and then to the Bishop, if he were present; those enter - 

 ng from the west, were in like manner first to " incline " to the 

 iltar and then to the Dean. In passing from one side of the choir 

 to the other, both in going and returning, the like "inclination 33 to 

 the altar was to be made. Minute directions are given also as to 

 turning to the altar at certain portions of the services, such as at 

 jiach " Gloria Patri," at the commencement of the " Te Deum 

 laudamus," at the "Creeds," &c. ; as also concerning standing and 

 kneeling in choir, and the " habit 33 to be worn by the various clerics. 

 But n these matters we cannot dwell; and all that can be added 

 ire a few words about the " Rulers of the Choir" (Rectores Chori), 

 md their duties and office, because they were amongst the changes 

 ntroduced by S. Osmund into the ritual observances of his church, 

 laving no doubt been derived by him from the church of Rouen. 



The " Rulers of the Choir " were really the deputies of the 

 Precentor for leading the choir-service. For all Sundays and feasts 



|)f the second class he selected two canons of the lower or second 

 1 The French word " pupitre" which means a small moveable stand, such as 

 s used for music, best explains the primitive meaning of " pulpitum." The 

 ' Pulpitum in aquila" was larger, more like what we now call a "leotem," and 

 tood near the western entrance of the choir. 

 2 c 2 



