178 



Calne. 



Then succeeded the families (well known as ancient lords in Wilts 

 and Somerset) of Zouche, St. Lo, and Roche, of Bromham, but no 

 particulars of their connexion with Calne have come under my 

 notice. 



Pinell was a family here as early as A D. 1272; uncle PinhilPs. 

 The ubiquitous family of Hungerford appears as early as 1336. 

 Lacock, Bradenstoke, and Stanley Abbeys had each some footing 

 in the parish. 1 Of more modern owners I will say a little by-and- 



The Parish Church. 



It would have saved much guess-work, and have greatly helped 

 the true history of architecture, if founders or builders had always 

 cut upon some stone only these few words, "So-and-so fecit; A.D. 

 so-and-so" If ever done anywhere it was not done at Calne, so 

 that we know nothing whatever about the time when, or the person 

 by whom, St. Mary's Church was first founded and built. Above 

 the arches of the north wall a fragment of style older than Norman 

 was recovered some years ago : but the nave itself is of the Transition 

 Norman period. Perpendicular alterations appear to have been 

 made towards the latter half of the fifteenth century, say about 

 A.D. 1470. My reason for naming that date is this. Over the 

 north door, within the porch, are two stone shields with coats of 

 arms. The one on the left hand, as you face the door, is the coat 

 of St. Amand ; the other, on the right, a lion rampant debruised 

 (as the heralds call it) with a bendlet. This shield has never yet 

 been identified. Being at one time made indistinct by successive 

 coats of yellow- wash, John Aubrey mistook it for the bear and 



Hawarden, and the mound only remains. Hawarden passed to the Montalts in 

 1243 by the marriage of Cecilia, sister and heiress of Hugh, Earl of Montalt, 

 to Robert Montalt. The present castle at Hawarden is supposed to have been 

 built by another Robert (the last of the Montalts), between 1297 and 1329. But 

 there was, no doubt, an older castle or fort previous to that date. Its ruins 

 stand within the precincts of the modern castle." 

 1 In the " Taxatio Ecclesiastica " : — 



£ s. d. 



" Calne. Abb. of Stanley 3 0 0 



" Prior of Bradenstoke 6 0" 



