172 The Geology of the Berks 8f Hants Extension, 



Below the peat in the bed of the stream at Buekleaze, many antlers; 

 of the red deer were found, some of them were of a very large size] 

 In the cutting near Pewsey Workhouse, the Upper-green-sand id 

 of a coarser, looser nature, than that hitherto met with, and is! 

 totally devoid of fossils. It exhibits much cross stratification, and 

 in places is thickly traversed in all directions by the borings oil 

 some annelid. They are from \ of an inch to \ an inch in diameter,: 

 and are filled in with white sand, while the surrounding sand is of aj 

 dark green colour: 



The Upper-green-sand throughout the cutting is capped with a| 

 bed of clayey gravel from 4 to 15 feet thick, lying on a surface 

 eroded into gullies. The gravel consists of about one half clay 

 mixed with greensand, and the rest angular flints, with a few 

 Tertiary pebbles, and rolled fragments of Lydian stone and Hoe- 

 matite. Sarsen stones also occur in it, generally at or near the 

 bottom of the gravel. The finer materials show signs of stratifica- 

 tion,. In the gravel were found several molars of the Mammoth 1 

 ( Elep has primigenius,) and of the Horse 2 (Equus Fossilis.) They 

 were much decayed, nothing remaining but the enamel plates, with 

 hardly enough of the cement to hold them together. I myself 

 extracted the Radius and Ulna of a Horse, 3 attached to each 

 other and lying by themselves. No other bones were preserved, but 

 a few small pieces seemed to indicate that others had been met with. 



The highest part of the gravel exposed in the cutting, is 67 feet 

 above the stream at Shercot, and 57 feet above the stream at Buek- 

 leaze. We have evidence here then that in the Post-pliocene 

 period, when the Mammouth and Fossil Horse lived, the streams 

 flowed at a higher lever than they now do by 67 feet. Gradually 

 since that time, by fluviatile action, the courses of the streams have 

 been lowered to their present level, leaving here and there terraces 

 of gravel to mark successive stages in the excavation of their vallies. 



The cutting near Woodborough, half a mile to the East of Wood- 

 borough Station, is remarkable for its sponges. The level compared 

 with that of the base of the chalk to the north, seems to indicate 



1 Now in the Museum of the "W iltshirc Society. 

 2 ditto 3 ditto 



