46 



INTRODUCTION. 



points are defended by M. Lameere (Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xlvii, 

 1903, p. 155), but we cannot agree with him in the present state 

 of our knowledge, nor can we always quite follow his phylogeny. 

 At the end of the second paper he gives the following table : — 



Adephaga . 



Oupediformia. 

 Carabiformia. 



COLEOPTEBA <( 



f Cantharidiformia < 



POLYPHAGA 



f Teredilia. 

 Malacodermata. 

 Sternoxia. 

 Macrodactylia. 

 Brachymera. 

 Palpicornia. 

 Clavicornia. 

 Phytophaga. 

 Ileteromera. 

 ^ Lamellicornia. 



L Staphyliniformia. 



On the face of it it seems quite inadmissible to apply the term 

 " Cantharidiformia " to Malacoderms, Elaterida3, Clavicorns, 

 Lamellicorns, llhynchophora, etc., iudiscriminately. 



Kolbe in 1901 published a system of classification (Archiv fur 

 Naturg., Jahrg. Beiheft, Festschrift fiir Eduard von Martens, 

 pp. 89-150, Taf. ii & hi), which he afterwards modified in a paper 

 " Zur Systematik der Coleopteren" (A%. Zeitsch. Entom. 1903, 

 pp. 137-145). In the latter article he divides the Coleoptera into 

 two suborders, Adephaga and Heterophaga. 



The Adephaga fall into two divisions, Protadephaga and True 

 Adephaga. These are distinguished by the formation of the 

 ventral segments and the venation of the wings. To the former 

 division belong the Cupedida3 alone ; to the latter the Cicinde- 

 lidse, Carabidte, Amphizoida?, Pelobiidse, Haliplidse, Dytiscidse, 

 Gyrinidae, Paussida3, and Ehysodida3. 



The Heterophaga also are placed under two divisions, Haplo- 

 stomata and Bhynchophora. 



The Haplostomata are again subdivided into four groups ; of 

 these the first three, Staphylinoidea, Actinorrhabda, Hetero- 

 rrhabda, are characterized by having the penultimate joint of the 

 tarsi equal or nearly equal to the preceding, and may be classed 

 together as Homceopoda. 



The Staphylinoidea contain the following families : — Staphy- 

 linidse, Silphidae, Scydmaenidae and Pselaphidae, Catopidae, Hypo- 

 cephalidae, Anisotomidae, Corylophidae, Trichopterygidae, Hydro- 

 scaphidae, Scaphidiidae, Clambidae, Sphaeriidae, Leptinidae, Platy- 

 psyllidae, and Histeridae. 



The Actinorrhabda contain the Synteliidae, Lucanidae, and 

 Scarabaeidae, but not the Passalidae. 



The Heterorrhabda answer very closely to the Polymorpha of 

 Sharp, and are open to the same objections, only more so, as they 



