175 



Composition of solid and liquid excrement of fam animals. 





Water. 



Nitrogen. 



Phosphoric 



acid. 



Alkalies 

 (potash and 

 soda). 



Solid. 



Liquid. 



Solid. 



Liquid. 



Solid. 



Liquid. 



So'id. 



Liquid. 





Per 



Per 



Per 



Per 



Per 



Per 



Per 



Per 





cent. 



cent. 



cent. 



cent 



cent. 



cent. 



cent. 



cent. 



Horses 



76 



89.0 



50 



1.20 



0.35 



Trace. 



0.3 



1.5 



Cows 



84 



9P0 



0.30 



0.80 



0.25 



Trace. 



0.10 



1.4 



Swine 



80 



97.5 



0.00 



30 



0.45 



125 



50 



0.2 



Sheep 



58 



86.6 



0-75 



1.40 



0.60 



OftO 



0.20 



2 



The urine is seen to be much richer than the solid dung in every case 

 except that of pigs, in which the high percentage of water (97.5) causes 

 the percentages of the other constituents to fall below those of the 

 same constituents in the solid dung. 



The fact that the urine of all farm animals (including pigs) is much 

 richer than the solid excrement is strikingly brought out in the follow- 

 ing table, which shows the composition of the dung and urine after the 

 water has been completely removed. 



Composition of dry matter of solid and liquid manure. 





Nitrogen. 



Phosphoric acid. 



Alkalies (potash 

 and soda.) 



Solid. 



Liquid. 



Solid. 



Liquid. 



Solid. 



Liquid. 







Percent. 



Per cent. 



Percent. 



Per cent. 



Per cent. 



Per cent. 



Horses 





2.08 



10.9 



1 45 



Trace. 



1.25 



13.6 



Cows 





1.87 



10.0 



1.56 



Trace. 



0.62 



17.5 



Swine 





3.00 



12 



2.25 



5 . 00 



2.50 



8.0 



Sheep 





1.78 



10.4 



1.42 



0.37 



0.71 



14.9 



The distribution of the manurial constituents in the urine and dung 

 depends largely on the nature of the food. On + ,his point. Warington says : 



If the food is nitrogenous and easily digested the nitr. >gen in the urine will 

 greatly preponderate ; if. on the other hand, the food is imperfectly digested the 

 nitrogen in the solid excrement may form the larger quantity. When poor h ly is 

 given to horse3 the nitrogen in thesolid excrement will exceedthat contained in the 

 urine. On the other hand corn, [oil] cake, and roots yield a large excess of nitro- 

 gen in the urine 



Generally one half and frequently much more of the total nitrogen 

 excreted will be found in the urine, a large portion of the potash, but 

 little or no phosphoric acid or lime. In experiments with sheep at the 

 Maine Experiment Station it was found that " the urine contained nearly 

 half the potash of the total excreta and from half to three fourths of the 

 nitrogen, but no phosphoric acid, the latter being wholly in the solid 

 excrement." 



The important points in this connection may be summarized as 

 follows : 



