314 Evidence of French Discoveries of New York, etc. 



tude, going from time to time on shore to reconnoitre the country and 

 the inhabitants, by whom he was invariably well received. To the 

 entire of this tract' of country, which had never before been frequented 

 nor discovered by any other European nation, he gave the name of New 

 France, a name which ir has always retained from 1524 up to the 

 present time. (See Herera, decade 3, book 6; Hakluyt, vol. 3, p. 295; 

 Purehas, vol. 4, p. 1063.) 



"The wars that Francis I, and Henry II, had to wage against 

 Charles V, were the cause that the French did not form any establish- 

 ment in New France. Notwithstanding the great disorders which pre- 

 vailed in France on account of the religious wars, Charles IX resolved 

 to form settlements in the south part of New France. He sent thither 

 Eibaut in 1562, who called that part of New France, Carolina, and 

 built a fort there which he named Charlesfort, in honor of King 

 Charles IX. Laudonniere went thither after Ribaut, and Gourges 

 succeeded Laudonniere. The French were disturbed there by the 

 Spaniards, but finally Charles V ceded that country to France, and 

 from that time the Spaniards have not contested with France any por- 



" France, then, was at that time in quiet possession of all the coasts 

 and countries from the 32d up to the 50th degree, and for better 

 security thereof had a fort at the southern extremity of New France, 

 in the province she had called Carolina, and Frenchmen frequented the 

 northern extremity. >rhm>. t/n-ij fished and traded with the Indians. 

 But this quiet and peaceable possession was disturbed by the English, 

 who, in the year 1585, established a post in the part of New France, 

 which they called Virginia, about the 36th degree. They did not 

 stop at this, as they resolved to seize the whole of New France. They 

 began in 1613 to attack the French there on all sides; to capture their 

 ships, which wen' employed in the fisheries and in the Indian trade; 

 to take the posts and forts they had erected on. the coast of Norembega, 

 or of the Etechemies at Port Royal, in Acadia, at G-aspe and at Quebec. 

 These hostilities continued until the English, apprehending the resent- 

 ment of Louis XIII, bound themselves by a treaty, in 1632, to restore 

 to France all the places occupied by the English in New France, Aca- 

 dia, and Canada, with the ships and the property of the French, Here 

 it becomes important to pay attention to this word restore; nothing is 

 restored but what is unjustly possessed, or what has been unjustly 

 taken, for people do not restore what is their property; but give it or 

 cede it. * * * In execution of said treaty, they restored to 

 France, Canada, Acadia and a part of what they occupied in New 



