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The National Geographic Magazine 



Earthquakes* By Clarence Edward 

 Dutton, Major, U. S. A. Pp. xxiii + 

 314. 8^2 x 5^4 inches. New York : 

 G. P. Putman's Sons. 1904. 

 This volume, by a specialist, gathers 

 up in a technical way the most impor- 

 tant results of the new seismology which 

 has developed within the last third of a 

 century chiefly under the leadership of 

 Prof. John Milne, an Englishman who 

 taught science for several years in the 

 Imperial University of Japan. These 

 investigators confine themselves largely 

 to the study of the wave motions in the 

 earth, looking on earthquakes as an 

 effect of geologic forces. Our author 

 treats of the nature and causes of earth- 

 quakes, describes the instruments used 

 for recording vibrations, and discusses 

 the views and theories of observers based 

 on this mechanical data. He also points 

 out the chief areas of these disturbances 

 and gives a final chapter on seaquakes. 

 He draws illustrations from the various 

 quarters afforded by these phenomena 

 and makes copious use of pictures and 

 diagrams. There is a short index. 

 The volume is indispensable in its field, 

 as it practically has no rival, but it is 

 not intended for the general reader, 

 though a man of ordinary education 

 can readily get considerable information 

 from it. C. M. 



Thomas Hutchins. A Topographical 

 Description of Virginia,Pennsylvania t 

 Maryland, and North Carolina. Re- 

 print of original edition of 1778. Ed- 

 ited by Frederick C. Hicks. Pp. 143, 

 with maps. Cleveland : Burrows 

 Bros. Co. 1904. 



This reprint of a rare and valuable 

 book will be welcomed by all students 

 of the formative period of the United 

 States, and the work of the only man 

 who filled the office of civil ' ' geogra- 

 pher of the United States ' ' should be of 

 interest to every student of geography. 

 Mr Hicks supplements the reprint by 

 valuable notes, and contributes an ex- 

 cellent biographical sketch of Hutch- 

 ins, with a list of his works. He was 



not merely an American by birth, but 

 in his sympathies and activities, resign- 

 ing his commission in the British army 

 to serve his country during the Revolu- 

 tionary War. To Hutchins is probably 

 due the system of land platting used by 

 our General Land Office. He also ex- 

 ercised a potent influence on colonization 

 through his extensive travels, road sur- 

 veys, and land tracts. During his serv- 

 ices as geographer, as one of the com- 

 missioners to run the boundary line 

 between Pennsylvania and Virginia, 

 and also between New York and Massa- 

 chusetts, and in establishing the sys- 

 tem of surveying public lands, Hutchins 

 displayed conspicuous scientific ability. 



Prof. Hicks says that ' ' his geograph- 

 ical works formed the basis for the 

 famous American geography of Jedi- 

 dah Morse," and adds that "as a pio- 

 neer, soldier, patriot, surveyor, litera- 

 teur, and scientist, we find him to have 

 been ... a man who justly is en- 

 titled to a place among the great Amer- 

 ican civilizers." A. W. G. 



Geographen Kalendar, 1905-1906* By 



Hermann Haack. With 16 maps. 



Pp. 530. \Y 2 x 6% inches. Gotha 



Justus Perthes. 1905. $2.50. 



The volume for 1905- 1906 of this 

 useful geographical annual contains a 

 summary of geographical progress in 

 1904 by Professor Paul Langhaus, a 

 review of geographic publications in 

 1904, a directory of the working geog- 

 raphers of the world, and a series of 

 admirable small maps, including maps 

 showing the route of the English Tib- 

 etan expedition, the Baikal railway, 

 Siam, the Signal Corps telegraph lines 

 in Alaska, French explorations in Sa- 

 hara, and maps picturing the territorial 

 expansion of the United States and 

 Japan. The map of the United States 

 is in error, as it represents Arizona, 

 New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Indian 

 Territory as states. The directory does 

 not contain the names of a considerable 

 number of American geographers, who 

 ought to be included. 



