ANOTHER VIEW OF THE ADVANCING FRONT OF CHILDS GLACIER, NEAR THE NORTH 

 EDGE, IN AUGUST, I9IO, WHEN THIS PORTION WAS ADVANCING ABOUT 



y/ 2 FEET a day: the great blocks are ice 



Between August, 1909, and June 30, 

 1910, when the Society's 1910 expedition 

 returned to the region, the main ice cliff 

 of Columbia Glacier west of the island 

 had advanced over Too feet, the advance 

 upon the island being about 135 feet. 

 From July 4 to September 5 the advance 

 at the same point was 132 feet. 



Columbia Glacier forms an interesting 

 contrast with Childs. the rate of advance 

 in the Childs increasing rapidly from 2.5 

 feet to 8.2 feet a day and decreasing 

 again to .7 foot a day, all in four months, 

 while the Columbia has slowly increased 

 its rate of motion for two years from .9 

 foot a day in 1908 to 2.1 feet a day in 

 1910. 



The phenomena accompanying this ad- 

 vance during the summer of 19 10 were 

 of great interest. The glacier was ad- 

 vancing into forests at its borders and 

 on Heather Island, as in 1909, and over- 



turning mature evergreen trees, which 

 had grown undisturbed for a century or 

 more, the advance having exceeded the 

 1892 maximum. 



A whole grove on the west edge of 

 Heather Island was overturned between 

 1909 and 1910, on our last visit, in Sep- 

 tember, practically not a tree remaining 

 which was not overturned or leaning. 

 Peat bogs were rolled up in great bol- 

 sters five or six feet high. Isolated trees 

 in the peat were pushed forward a hun- 

 dred feet or more without being over- 

 turned. A push moraine 15 to 25 feet 

 high faces the ice front, the material 

 being, variably, beach gravel, glacial till, 

 mud flows, peaty soil, and macerated 

 heaps of tree trunks and roots. In the 

 bay east of Heather Island marine de- 

 posits with shells are being pushed up 

 above sea-level. 



On the east margin of the glacier a 



