— 402 — 



sects of the stipules, the atropurpureous stems (often the nerves 

 of the leaves are atropurpureous too), the narrow petals, the short 

 appendices of sepals and the long spur. Usually they are cespitosely 

 branched in the surface of the ground. As far as I have been 

 able to examine the maritima types in exsiccates from other 

 coasts both in Denmark, Sweden and Germany (The Baltic 

 Sea) and from the Dutch, Belgian, French and British shores of 

 the North Sea and the Channel they are rather different from 

 the West Jutland type which is the most extreme of them all and 

 likely the fittest type to the extreme conditions. It is, in fact, 

 the West- Jutland type that Lange describes and pictures in 

 Flora Danica fase. 45, pag. 4, plate 2647 under the name of 

 V. tricolor (L.) var. arenaria (Sond.), but it is surely not this 

 variety, which Wittrock (1897, pag. 69) correctly remarks. The 

 specimen pictured in Flora Danica is acuminata. — Each ter- 

 ritory has its special composition, and apparently the Skagen 

 type with its always prostrate stems with very long internodes 

 and its very narrow, long and tapering petals, that gives it an 

 appearance very strange in a Viola, is the most extreme of them all. 



The route from Viborg to Hobro was characterized by a 

 multitude of types and combinations (populations I, M, N, A, 

 table I, pag. 378). It was one large genetic experiment arranged 

 by nature. It was characteristic that in the first field east of 

 Viborg, where I found Viola tricolor, I immediately saw that the 

 type was somewhat different from the type in the West- Jutland 

 fields. Soon I discovered a plant, which I recognized as a hybrid 

 between tricolor and arvensis. Necessarily I then might expect 

 to find arvensis, and really, I soon discovered several typical 

 arvensis. In the same manner facts were from field to field. In 

 East- Jutland, especially in East- Himmerland between Manager 

 Fjord and Limfjord, arvensis is the most common of the two 

 Danish Melanium species. In many parts and many fields not 

 one tricolor can be discovered, while arvensis is very common 

 (populations G, D, E, table I). But in many places here, areas with 

 arvensis alone (populations B, G, table I) alternate with areas with 

 tricolor alone (populations L, R, table I) and with areas with them 

 both and the intermediate type (populations H, J, K, 0, table I). 

 Apparently the two species meet in the middle of Jut- 

 land and cross together. 



Upon Samsø at S el vig I found a dune population (X, table 



