40 



HITCHCOCK'S ANATOMY 



first developed bones, and th£ center around "which the others 

 are formed. They may be separated into the true and false : 

 or those which are separable from, and movable upon each 

 other, and those which are firmly joined together. Of the 

 true vertebrae there are three sections, named in accordance 

 with their location on the body : Cervical, Dorsal, and Lum- 

 bar. The Cervical, or those of the neck, are seven in number, 

 the first and second of which are the most remarkable. The 

 first is named Atlas, from the mythological story that a giant 

 of this name supported the earth on his shoulders, and it is 



Fig. 39. 



Fig. £0. 



The Atlas. 1, Anterior Tubercle. 2, Articular 

 Face. 3, Posterior surface of Spinal Canal. 4, In- 

 tervertebral Notch. 5, Transverse process. 6, Fo- 

 ramen for Artery. 7, Superior oblique process. 

 8, Tubercle for transverse Ligament. 



The Axis. 1, Body. 2, Proces- 

 sus dentatus. 3, Articulating sur- 

 face. 4, Foramen for vertebral 

 Artery. 5, Spinous process. 6 and 

 7, Oblique processes. 



upon this one that the head is moved in a direction backwards 

 and forwards. The second, called Axis, is characterized by 

 a projection or pivot, which admits motion of the head in 

 a horizontal direction, but in no other. It is the dislocation 

 of this process, and the consequent pressure upon the spinal 

 cord that causes death in criminals executed by hanging. 



99. Dorsal Vertebra. — The Dorsal Vertebrae, or those of 

 the back, are twelve in number, and give attachments to all 

 the ribs. The central portion or body of each increases from 

 above downwards, that they may more firmly support the 

 superincumbent weight of the body. 



9S. Why are the Vertebrae first described ? What two groups may they be divided 

 into? What other three sections of Vertebrae? What is the name of the first and 

 second Vertebra ? 97. How many Dorsal vertebrae, and what bones ara attached to 

 them ? 



