8 



HITCHCOCK'S ANATOMY 



fifteen elements above described form a large number of com- 

 pounds, called Immediate Principles, or Organic Radicals. 

 They exist naturally, and can be separated anatomically, that 

 is, mechanically/from one another; but the divisions can be 

 carried no further without chemical decomposition. A few 

 elementary substances found in the system, as, oxygen, hydro- 

 gen, and nitrogen, are sometimes called Immediate Principles. 



16. Immediate Principles Chemically Grouped. — We are 



certain that eighty-four of these principles have been found in 

 the human system. If we group them according to their chem- 

 ical characters, they will fall into the following divisions. 

 Half of them are the result of the waste or metamorphosis of 

 the substance of the body ; the other half exist independently 

 of any such change. 



1. Gaseous and not saline : Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitro- 

 gen, Carbonic Acid, and Water. 



2. Salts : Chlorids (2), Fluoride of Calcium, Hydrochlo- 

 rate of Ammonia, Carbonates (4), Bicarbonate of Soda, Sul- 

 phates (3), Phosphates (7), Lactates (3), Oxalate of Lime, 

 Urates (5), Hippurates (3), Inosate of Potassa, Pneumate 

 of Soda, Taurochl orate of Soda, Hyocholinate of Soda, Gly- 

 cocholate of Soda, Oleate of Soda, Margarate of Soda, Stear- 

 ate of Soda, Caproate of Potassa, Soda, &c. 



3. Acids: Lactic, Uric, Hippuric, Pneumic, Lithofallic, 

 Margaric, and Stearic. 



4. Neutral Nitrogenous Compounds : Creatine, Urea, 

 Cystine, and Creatinine. 



5. Neutral Non- Nitrogenous Compounds : Sugar frorq 

 the Liver, and Sugar of Milk. 



6. Fatty and Saponaceous Compounds : Cholesterine, 

 Oleic Acid, Stearic Acid, Oleine, Stearine, &c. (13.) 



7. Coagidable Principles : Fibrine, Albumen, Caseine, 

 Globuline, Musculine, Osteine, Keratine, Hematine, &c. (18.) 



16. State the number of these principles that have been already found. What are 

 one half of them derived from ? Give the first group, or the gaseous ones. State th« 

 Salts. The Acids. The 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th classes. 



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