150 



HITCH COCK'S ANATOMY 



the various appurtenances of the gymnasium. Here, by 

 means of bars, ladders, ropes and similar pieces of appara- 

 tus are the best arranged contrivances, not only for a gen- 

 eral exercise of the whole body, but for developing the most 

 important muscles. A few pieces of this kind of furni- 

 ture may be seen in Figures 159, 160, and 161. These 

 may be fitted up in any lar o e and unfurnished building, 

 since the essential requisites are a few solid timbers to 

 give firm support to the bars and ladders, and walls mainly 

 to protect from exposure to severity of weather. 



The exercise of rowing is one which probably can not be 

 surpassed as a means of exercise, since it not only requires a 

 use of the muscles, but is exhilarating and recreating to the 

 spirits ; and where circumstances admit, whether as supple- 

 mentary to or in place of a gymnasium, we would say by all 

 means let both boys and men, and ladies too, indulge in the 

 invigorating and healthful exercise of boat rowing. 



COMPARATIVE MYOLOGY. 



279. In microscopic structure the muscles of the lower 

 orders of animals very closely resemble those of man, as may 

 be seen in the fibrils of the pig, Fig. 162. 



280. Tegumentary Muscle— Abdominal Muscles— Mus- 

 cles of Lower Jaw— Diaphragm— The general structure 

 and relations of the muscles in quadrupeds differ very little 

 from those of man save in the extremities. Nearly all quad- 

 rupeds have a set of fibers called the Tegumentary Mus- 

 cle, which is a thin layer of muscle lying just beneath the 

 skin, and which is only rudimentary in man. Its func- 

 tion is to contract and corrugate the skin in order to remove 

 dust, insects, or any offending matter, as can be seen in a 



279. What is said of the structure of muscles in all mammals ? 2S0. Describe the 

 Tegumentary Muscle. 



