AND PHYSIOLOGY. 



211 



374. Thoracic Aorta — Abdominal Aorta — Coeliac Axis — 

 Gastric, Hepatic, Splenic, Renal, Mesenteric, and Lum- 

 bar Arteries . — After the aorta fairly commences its descent 

 — called the Thoracic Aorta — several small branches are given 

 off from it which send nourishment to the heart and lungs, and 

 next a pair which are distributed to the diaphragm. Then 



Fig. 214. 



A View of the Abdominal Aorta and its Branches. 1, 1, The Diaphragm. 2, Foramen 

 Quadratum and Section of the Ascending Vena Cava. 3, Foramen Esophageum and 

 Section of the Esophagus. 4. Foramen Aorticum in the Crura of the Diaphragm. The 

 Phrenic arteries are seen going to the Diaphragm. 5, Capsulae Renales. 6, The Kid- 

 neys. 7, Abdominal Aorta, 8, Phrenic Arteries. 9, Coslic — giving off. 10, The Sple- 

 nic. 11, The Gastric. 12, The Hepatic. 13, Section of Superior Mesenteric. 14,Emul- 

 gent Arteries. 15 Spermatic Arteries. 16, Inferior Mesenteric. 17,17, Lumbar Arteries. 

 18. Division of the Abdominal Aorta. 19, Its last Branch— the Middle Sacral. 20, 

 Primitive Iliacs. 21, Ureters — in their Position to the Arteries. 22, Internal Iliacs. 

 23, External Iliacs. 24, Circumflcxa F.ii. 25, Distribution of the Epigastric. 2G, Blad- 

 der distended with Urine. The Vesical Arteries are seen near it. 



374. What arc the first branches of the Thoracic Aorta ? 



