AND PHYSIOLOGY. 



269 



fer that the wearing of shawls by gentlemen, inasmuch as it 

 requires a drawing forward of the shoulders to make them 

 thoroughly cover the body, compresses the lungs, and there- 

 fore is highly injurious. Moreover, it makes a person round- 

 shouldered, and thus gives the appearance of premature old 

 age. 



478. -12. The Neck to be Dressed Lightly.— From 

 the many movements which are made by the larynx in speak- 

 ing, we infer that it is a matter of great importance that the 

 neck in health should be always loosely dressed. For tight 

 cravats and neckcloths are sure to obstruct the proper func- 

 tion of this organ, and bring on irritation, which may end in 

 bronchitis or consumption. 



479. — 13. A Strong Voice Demands Vigorous Exer- 

 cise of all the Body. — We learn also that they who would 

 have the strongest and best developed voices for speaking and 

 singing should pay special attention to the general health, and 

 particularly to muscular exercise in the open air, because the 

 voice depends so much more upon the healthy condition of 

 the whole body than it does upon the healthy or unhealthy 

 condition of the larynx. 



480. — 14. Great Aid in Speaking can be Acquired 

 by Enunciating the Simple Vowel Sounds. — Experience 

 shows that great aid can be given to those who would secure 

 pure and correct tones in speaking by slowly but distinctly 

 enunciating the simple vowel sounds of the English language. 

 This not only strengthens the organs, but it gives a proper 

 training to the laryngeal muscles, so that in the composi- 

 tion of vowels and consonants the muscles will contract to 

 their proper amount, and only to that. 



478. What clothing should be given to the neck? What is one source of bronchitis? 

 479. How is the voice made and kept clear and strong ? 480. How can poor speaker* 

 and readers make themselves superior ones ? 



