INDEX. 



473 



Insects rarely found fossil, remains of in 



Stonesfield slate, 187. 

 Institutes of Menu, 15. 

 Intermediate or transition rocks. Chap. 



VII. 



Internal or central heat of the earth, 

 283, 360; indications of, 361 ; obser- 

 vations on, 362, 363. 



Inundations of the sea, occasioned by 

 volcanic eruptions, 353. 



Iron, a constituent part of numerous 

 rocks, 32. 



5^071^, in the coal strata, probably 



a freshwater formation, 115 ; numer- 

 ous regular alternations of in the 

 the Ashby-de-la-Zouch coal field, ih., 

 116, 117; occurs in the freshwater 

 beds of Sussex, which formerly sup- 

 plied a great part of England with 

 iron, 193; enormous mass of iron ore 

 in the Valley of the Missouri, 369. 



Islands formed by submarine volca- 

 noes, 260 ; recent formation of an is- 

 land near Sicily, phenomena that at- 

 tended its appearance, 261, 262; is- 

 lands formed of coral : see Coral. Is- 

 lands, temperature of, more equal 

 than that of continents in the same 

 latitude, 358. 



Isothermal lines, or lines of equal tem- 

 perature, not parallel with lines of 

 latitude, 358. 



Jungfrau mountains, 69. 



Jura range of mountains, 100, 154. 



K. 



Kamenoi, a volcanic island raised in a 



solid mass, 263. 

 Kaolin, soft earthy granite used for 



porcelain, 66. 

 Katavotrons, gulfs in the central Morea, 



303. 



Kelloway rock, 186. 



Keuper, a name given by the Germans 

 to the red marl above the new red 

 sandstone, 159. 



Killas, Cornwall, 64. 



Kimmeridge clay^ 186. 



L. 



Lakes, filling up by alluvial matter, 322 ; 

 bursting of, 347. 



of North America, extent and lev- 

 els of, 216, 217. 



Lamellar structure, 39. 



Lava, 280 ; fluidity of, 281 ; passage into 

 basalt, 143. 



Lias, clay and limestone, mineral char- 

 acters of, 178, 179 ; fossil characters, 

 181 ; extent of the lias formation, ih.; 

 182 ; lias of part of Germany, its po- 

 sition, 189. 



Lignite. See Wood coal. 



Lime, 32 ; its use as a manure, 328. 



Limestone, analysis of, 37 ; Primary 

 limestone, secondary and tertiary 

 limestone, see under the diiferent 

 classes. 



Line of dip, and line of bearing, de- 

 scribed, 39, 42. 



Lizards, fossil, 24, five gigantic species 

 of in the Wealden beds, 195. 



Locke, John, his opinion of the growth of 

 stones and minerals, 312. 



Lodes, or metallic veins, 290. 



London claij, 220; characters of, 221; 

 organic remains in, 222; crocodiles 

 found in, 222; water from, impreg- 

 nated with mineral matter, 224. 



Lydian stone, 98, 162. 



Lyell, Mr., his account of fossil species 

 in the sub-Apennine range, 245 ; his 

 theory respecting the temperature of 

 the earth, 359. 



M. 



Macaluba, in Sicily, eruption of chalky 



matter from, 263. 

 Mac Culloch, Dr., on the formation of 



coal, 118; on the growth of peat, 328. 

 Mackenzie, Sir George, on the basalt of 



Iceland, 143. 

 Madrepores and coralline polypi,, their 



labours in forming new islands, 75, 



330. 



Magnesia, 32, a component part of ma- 

 ny rocks, 77; found in some chalk 

 rocks, 202. 



Magnesian limestone, or dolomite of the 

 Alps, 77; magnesian limestone com- 

 mon in mountain limestone, 91 ; mag- 

 nesian secondary limestone, its posi- 

 tion and extent in England, 168 ; 170 ; 

 forms durable stone for architecture, 

 170 ; not unfavorable to vegetation, ib. 



Mammoth, or fossil elephant, 331. 



Mam Tor, in Derbyshire, 102. 



Man, his recent appearance on the earth 

 adduced as a proof that the former 

 condition of our planet was different 

 from its present state, 213, 214. 



Manganese communicates a reddish 

 colour to rocks, 33 ; occurs in the green 

 sand near Sidmouth, 201 ; irregular 

 beds of, in Devonshire, 286. 



Mantell, Gideon, his discoveries of new 

 species of immense lizards in the 

 Wealden beds, 194 ; his observations 

 on the ancient condition of the coun- 

 try in which the strata of Tilgate 

 Forest were deposited, 196, 197; in- 

 teresting objects in his museum, 195, 

 206; his observations on chalk, 208; 

 on the Brighton clifis, 236. 



Manures, in what way they improve the 

 soil, 323. 



Marine and freshwater formations, their 

 alternations in the Paris basin, 219, 



60 



