INDEX. 



475 



oolite formation, 185; carboniferous 

 strata in oolite, 187; Oxford or clnnch 

 clay separates the lower from the 

 middle oolites, 186; middle oolite, 

 division of, ib. ; Kimmeridge clay 

 separates the middle from the upper 

 oolite, ib. ; upper oolite, 180, 187. 



Oolite of Yorkshire and the bath district 

 of Germany compared, 188, 189. 



Organic remains, fossil. Chap. II. 



Osseous breccia of New Holland and 

 Gibraltar, 310. 



Oxford, or clunch clay, 186. 



Oypter beds, many miles in extent, occur 

 in European seas, 76. 



P. 



Pachydermata, thick-skinned animals, 

 fossil remains of, abundant in the ter- 

 tiary strata, 25. 



Pariou, an extinct volcano in Auvergne, 

 cut of, 271. 



Paris basin, strata of, 218, 219, 226— 

 231 ; remarkable fossil animals in, 

 229—231. 



Partings in rocks, 72. 



Peat, a vegetable production, 326,327; 

 peat moors, 327 ; formation of, de- 

 scribed, 328; human bodies preserved 

 in, 328. 



Pebbles, stones rounded by attrition, 

 opinions respecting, 312. 



Pe^Uacrinus, recently found living, 22 ; 

 description and plate of; see Prelim- 

 inary Observations. 



Pepperino, a volcanic tufa, 281. 



Petrifactions, 19. 



Petwortli, or Sussex marble, 193, 197. 



PJionolite, or clinkstone, 130. 



Phosphoric acid, a constituent part of 

 animal bone, combined with calcare- 

 ous earth, 33; rare in the mineral 

 kingdom, ib. 



Pitchstone, 130. 



Plaster stone, a common name for gyp- 

 sum, 37. 

 Plastic clay, 220. 



Plesiosaurus, a fossil saurian animal, 



description of, 24 ; cut of, 181. 

 Plumbago, or graphite, 110. 

 PooVs Hole, 93. 



Porphyritic structure, what, 38, 80. 



Porphyry, 128, 131, 166; trap porphyry, 

 130, 133; felspar porphyry, 130; of 

 the Andes, 133; of Norway, 131 ; of 

 England, ib. ; of Devonshire, 166. 



Pot stone, or lapis ollaris, used for culi- 

 nary vessels ; its use of great anti- 

 quity, 78. 



Pozzolana, 281. 



Prehnile, first discovered as an English 



mineral by the author, 144. 

 Primary rocks, 7; and Chap. V. ; clas- 



silications of, 55, 56. 



Progressive development of organic lije, 

 observed as we advance from the older 

 to the more recent rock formations, 

 doctrine of maintained, 26, 28, 210, 

 214. 



Prologine, a variety of granite in which 

 talc or chlorite supplies the place of 

 mica; the highest granite of Mont 

 Blanc is of this kind, 58. 



Protrusion of basalt among beds of 

 sandstone and limestone, 139, 140, 

 145 ; protrusion of granite, 69. 



Pudding stone, rounded stones cement- 

 ed by a mineral paste, 38. 



Pumice stone, of Lipari, 278; some- 

 times thrown up by submarine volca- 

 noes, 279. 



Purbeck limestone or marble, 193, 197. 



Puys, extinct volcanoes in Auvergne so 

 called : Puy de Chopine, 273; Puy de 

 Dome, ib. ; Puy de Pariou, descrip- 

 tion and cut of, 270 — 272. 



Pyrites decompose and ignite by expo- 

 sure to air and water, 275. 



a. 



Quartz, 34. 

 rock, 98. 



Quaternary, or more recent tertiary 

 strata described, Chap. XVII.; ex- 

 tent of these strata, 233. 



Quito, whole mountainous part of, one 

 immense volcano, 268. 



R. 



Radiated animals, 21. 



structure of minerals, 39. 



Bed marl. See New red marl and Sand- 

 stone. 



Remits in rocks, 72. 



Retinasphaltum., 112. 



Rhinoceros, fossil remains of, 330; tooth 

 of, cut, ib. 



Rocks. See Classification, Structure, ^'C. 



pa.ssim ■ 



Rock-salt, depositories of, Cheshire, 171, 

 172; Droitwitch, 172; Cardona, in 

 Spain, 173; various localities of rock- 

 salt, 174—176. 



Roesto7ie. See Oolite. 



Rothe todte liegende, or lowest bed of 

 new red sandstone, 163. 



Rowley rag, basalt near Dudley so called, 

 experiments on, 146. 



Rubly, or rumilly beds in coal strata, are 

 partly composed of fragments or loose 

 materials, 118. 



S. 



Saddle-shaped strata, 43. 



Salcve, great and little, near Geneva, 



blocks of stones scattered on these 



mountains, 355. 



