INDEX. 



477 



42 ; how to obtain a distinct idea of it, 

 ib. 47. 



Stratified rocks, 39. 



Stream works, 297. 



■Structure of rocks, 38. 



Sub-Ape7ininc strata, remarkable fossil 

 remains in, 245, 246; singular inter- 

 mixture of animal remains in part of 

 these strata, 246. 



Submarine volcanoes, 142 ; near Ice- 

 land, ib. 



Submersion of coal strata, 342, 343 ; of 



the Wealden beds, 198. 

 Subterranean fire, granitic mountains 



owe their elevation to it, 68. 

 Succession, or superposition of rocks, 



remarks on, 150. 

 Sulphur, not a constituent part of rocks 



€xcept in the form of sulphuric acid, 



33. 



Supercretaceous, a term improperly giv- 

 en to the tertiary strata, 215. 



Superposition, 41 ; whenever similar 

 beds occur together, they lie in the 

 same order of superposition, ib. 



Swallow holes, 92. 



Smiley s, or small coal basins, 1 12. 



T. 



Tables of the rocks in which vegetable 

 organic remains occur, 27; of the in- 

 ternal structure of rocks, 38 ; of the 

 ■secondary formations, 158 ; of oolite 

 and lias strata in the Bath district and 

 in Yorkshire, 188; of the secondary 

 strata of Germany, 189 ; of the Weal- 

 den beds, 197; of the American lakes, 

 216; of the Paris basin, 218; of the 

 strata at Alpnach, 225; of the rocks 

 in which different metallic ores are 

 generally found, 298; of the tempera- 

 ture of thermal waters, 378. 



Tabular, or in large plates, 39 ; struc- 

 ture of rocks, 40. 



arra7igement of red sandstone 



and magnesian limestone, by Profes- 

 sor Sedgwick, 167. 



Talc, resembles mica in appearance, 35; 

 plates flexible, not elastic, ib. ; is in- 

 fusible, ib. ; supplies the place of mi- 

 ca in most of the granite of Mont 

 Blanc, ib. 



Talcous slate, structure laminated, 74; 

 saponaceous and sectile, ib. ; nearly 

 allied to chlorite slate, ib. 



Tarentaise, gypsum of, 175. 



Temperature of the earth, 3, 28, 115, 

 (Chap. XXIV.) 357; proofs of its 

 having been higher at a former epoch, 

 ib. ; supposed causes of, 358; Mr. Ly- 

 ell's theory of, 359 ; difficulty of ex- 

 plaining its former high temperature 

 by astronomical causes, ib. ; tempera- 

 ture of Artesian wells, 362; of mines. 

 See Appendix. 



Teneriffe, Peak of, eruptions from, 258. 



Tertiary strata, the lower or more an- 

 cient formations described, Chap. 

 XVI. ; of England and the Paris ba- 

 sin, table of, 217, 218; description of, 

 ib. — 233; more recent tertiary or 

 quaternary, Chap. XVII.; in vari- 

 ous parts of France, 239 — 244; sub- 

 Apennine strata, 245 ; upper fresh- 

 water strata of CEningen, 246. 



Thermal waters and hot springs proba- 

 bly derive their heat from subterra- 

 nean fire, 361 ; thermal w- aters of Eng- 

 land, &c., table of their temperature, 

 378; of the Alps, 379. 



Tilgate Forest, conglomerate of, 193; 

 Mr. Mantell's discoveries in, 194. 



Toadstone of Derbyshire, 294; alternates 

 with the metalliferous limestone, ib. 



Tournal, M., his opinion respecting hu- 

 man bones found in caves, 306. 



Tow, or combustible clay in coal mines, 

 104. 



Trachyte, 133, 280. 



Transition lime stone, 87,88 — 97; singu- 

 lar contorted beds of, 88. 



rocks (Chap. VII.) 82 ; the 



lowest rocks in which fossil animal or 

 vegetable remains are found, ib. ; the 

 principal repositories of metallic ores, 

 ib. 



Transportation of loose stones and 

 blocks of granite and other rocks to 

 distant countries, 312,354; instances 

 of, in our own island, 314, 354. 



Trap rocks, 66 ; composition of, 80 ; va- 

 rieties of, 128 — 131 ; passage of into 

 granite, 131; various phenomena pre- 

 sented by them, 133 — 145; ages of, 

 147; formation of, 145; varieties of, 

 129—131. 



Traumate, or greywacke, 86. 



Trebra, M., his observations on the for- 

 mation of ores, 295. 



Trilobite, 22; peculiar to transition 

 rocks, 99. 



Troubles in coal-fields, 107. 



Truttenbcrg copper mine, the deepest in 

 the world, 287. 



Tufa, calcareous, 325. 



volcanic, 272 ; beds of, formed of 



comminuted trachyte, 280. 



Turtle, fossil remains of, 194. 



U. and V. 



Vale of Thames, section of explained, 

 221. 



Valley of les Echelles, 221. 



Valleys, longitudinal and transversal, 

 50; theories of their formation. Chap. 

 XXIII. ; many valleys in the Alps 

 were formerly lakes, 347; valleys of 

 elevation, of disruption, of subsidence, 

 348; of erosion, ; original valleys, 



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