315 



AITALA-TI, to breathe, of which our anala is the imperative. Hence, 

 the first short sentence of the spell is : Dontaurion anala, breathe on the 

 Dontaurios. Breathing is a common means of driving away diseases, 

 accompanying the employment of charms. 



The second sentence, to be repeated twice, Dontaurion deanala, differs 

 from the first only by having the syllable de prefixed to the verb, which 

 is the well-known Irish preposition di or de (Z. 844), being identical in 

 form and meaning with the Latin de, Ohg. zi — . The sense, therefore, 

 is : Ereathe away the Dontaurios." 



In the third formula we have the name of the demon in a difi'erent 

 form of inflection, Dontaurios. This might be, as in other Gaulish in- 

 scriptions, a nominative singular ; but as the word datala from its form 

 is evidently, like, anala, an imperative, there is no place for a nominative 

 in the sentence. Hence, we are driven to the conclusion that it is accu- 

 sative plural, the termination of this case having been S in Graulish, as 

 proved by the artua-ss of the inscription of Todi (Stokes, in Kuhn's ^'Bei- 

 triige" (II., p. 72). To have the same name as a whole order of genii, 

 and as one of them who is the spirit of this kind par excellence, is no- 

 thing uncommon. Thus Eudra, Terrible," is with the Hindus a name 

 of Civa, but at the same time there is a whole host of Rudras. 



' The imperative datala points to a verb of similar formation as anala, 

 a derivative from some noun DATALO. This seems to be preserved in 

 the Welsh dadl, f. pi. dadleu, debate, dispute, controversy, strife, con- 

 tention, case in law, argument ; dadleu, to argue, dispute, reason, tattle ; 

 dadleuad, disputation; dadleuaiv, to dispute, argue; dadleuaivr, advocate; 

 dadleufa, forum. In old Welsh there must have been a t instead of the 

 second d, as results from the glosses in Zeuss; dacllt [sic] gl. curia. 

 1077 ; dadl, concio ; datl, gl. forum, Z. 169 ; datlocou, gl. fora, Z. 291 ; 

 dadaleu, dadeleu, daetleu, causae, judicia, Z. 292, 785, 786. Breton ; 

 dael (f.), dispute, querelle, debat. The old Irish has lost the t ; dot — 

 (Z. 20) which occurs in composition ; ddlsuide, gl. forum ; ddldde, gl. 

 forensis Z. 81 ; ddlta, gl. curialis, Z. 84. 



Combinmg all these forms, we come to an original form, DAT(A)L, 

 meaning dispute, chiefly in a juridical sense, or else the place where 

 cases are argued, just as the corresponding Teutonic word (Old Norse, 

 Agls. thing, Ohg. ding) has the double meaning of a cause, and a court 

 of justice. I^ow, as from the Latin caussa descends caussari, from Agls. 

 thing, the verb thingian, to contend in a court, German dingen, to make 

 a contract, so the verb DATALATI would be, to contend with, to ac- 

 cuse. Hence, Dontaurios datala is, Accuse thou, bring thou to jus- 

 tice, the Dontaurii." Perhaps the sense still more strictly is, ''Make 

 them confess, convict them." Thus we find in the Atharvaveda (I., 7) 

 a spell against certain demons, the Yathudhanas, in which the god Agni 

 is invoked to bring them chained, to make them lament, and to cause 

 them to confess : (vs. 2). 0 Agni, eat of the sesam oil, make the Yatu- 

 dhanas to lament. (3). They may lament, the Yatudhanas, the voracious 

 Kimidinas. ISTow, 0 Agni and Indra, accept this our sacrifice. (4). Agni 

 in the front (?) may exert himself, Indra may drive them forward with 



