Corallines and Burrowing Sponges 235 



CORALLINES AND BURROWING SPONGES. 



(With plate from Johnston.) 



Fig. 1 in our plate is Tubulipora flabellavis, one of the Cyclo- 

 stomata, or round-mouthed Bryozoans, natural size. It forms 

 small cup-shaped incrustrations on shells, rocks and seaweed. 

 It "appears to luxuriate on the bulb of Laminaria bnlbosa, 

 where it is fine indeed." Landsborough wrote of it: " It is 

 so like the Prince of Wales' Feather that you are disposed 

 to write 1 Ich dien ' underneath." It was described by 

 Johnston under the name T. phalangea, but Pennington and 

 others consider Johnston's phalangea and flabellavis as one 

 and the same species. It forms purplish or lilac incrusta- 

 tions on old shells, seaweeds, &c. The tubes are long 

 and slender, forming beautiful objects under a low power 

 of the microscope. 



Fig. 2 shows the same species magnified. (From Johnston's 

 British Zoophytes, pi. xlvi.) 



Fig. 3 depicts Eschara foliacea (= Lepvalia foliacea, in Penn- 

 ington's Zoophytes, p. 273), half natural size, of a Devon- 

 shire specimen, figured in Johnston's British Zoophytes, 

 pi. lxvii. 



It is the " Stony Foliaceous Coralline " of Ellis. It often 

 forms large foliaceous masses (sometimes 20 ins. in diameter), 

 " resembling a piece of paper in various folds, which unite 

 so as to form cavernous passages through the mass," occa- 

 sionally incrusting with a unilateral instead of quincuncial 1 

 arrangement of the cells. Ellis recorded it from the Isle of 

 Wight, and the Rev. Thomas Hincks found it at Ilfracombe. 

 It has also been recorded from the Hebrides and Isle of 

 Man. Mr. Couch stated that very fine specimens occur 

 on the Cornish coast ; he saw one, obtained near Eddystone 



1 Quincunx, arranged as at the corners of a square, with one in the 

 centre. 



