51 



52 



ceolate, less than 1° lg, scarcely 1%' 

 wide, sub-coriaceous, chaff mostly decid, 

 pinnate; pinnae num, 7-9" long, 4-6" 

 wide at base, ovate, rather obtuse, low- 

 er part pinnately lobed, upper half ser- 

 rate with pointed and barely aculeate 

 teeth, sori remote from margins." — D. 

 C. Eaton, Ferns NA 2:125 t 62 f 8 

 (1880), as Aspidium aculeatum scopul- 

 mum, citing Aspidium Lonchitis Eaton, 

 m Coulter's report in Hayden's 6th ann 

 r of Geol Surv Terr 1872:788, as syn- 

 onym. Wash; Id; Ut; Southern Cal ; 

 < Quebec. 



P. LEMMONI Underwood, Our Native 

 Perns, ed 6, 116 (1900). 



Stipes tufted, 2-6' long, more or less 

 densely clothed with lanceolate dark 

 brown scales; fronds V 2 -l° long, 2-3' 

 broad, with num dense oft imbricated, 

 lanceolate pinnae, which are cut below 

 into slightly toothed oblong rhomboidal 

 pinnules; teeth blunt or mucronate; 

 texture coriaceous; both surfaces naked; 

 rachis stout, compressed, scaly; veins 

 close, immersed; sori copious. Cal; Alk. 

 Synonym: Aspidium Mohriodes of Am 

 authors, not Bory, Crypt Voy Duperr 

 267 (1828). 



F. CA21IPOK25ICXJM Underwood, Our 

 Native Ferns, ed 6, 116 (1900). 



"Stalks rather long; frond much elon- 

 gated, scarcely narrowed at base, thinly 

 subcoriaceous, pinnae very num, lance- 

 linear, but slightly incised above middle, 

 more and more deeply cut towards 

 rachis, segs rhomboid-ovate, acute, ser- 

 rate with incurved aculeate teeth, the 

 lowest superior one the largest, but 

 scarcely distinct as a pinnule, and not 

 at all auricled." — D. C. Eaton, Ferns 

 NA 2:124, as Aspidium aculeatum cali- 

 fornicum, citing Ferns of the southwest 

 336, and Aspidium californicum Eaton, 

 in Am ac pr 6:555 (1865). and Baker. 

 Syn Fil 253, as synonym. Cal; Wash, 

 "vnonym: Dryopteris aculeata calif or- 

 nica Underwood, Our Native Ferns ed 4, 

 112 (1893). 



P. BRAUNII Lawson, Fern Fl Can [19] 

 f 1889). 



"Stalk very short; frond elliptical-lan- 

 ceolate, tapering from the middle to 

 both base and apex, bipinnate; pinnules 

 mostly distinct and very short-stalked, 



ne or traoezoid-oblong, obtuse, trun- 

 cate and almost rectangular at base, 

 slightly auricled, sharply serrate with 

 incurved teeth, chaffy and fibrillose be- 

 eath." — D. C. Eaton, Ferns NA 2:124, 

 as Aspidium aculeatum braunii, and 

 cites Doell, Rheinische Flora 27. — • Grav, 

 Man ed 2,599. — Milde, Fil Eur et Atlant 

 1 08. — Aspidium Braunii Spenner. Fl 

 Frib 1:9 t 2; Mettenius, Fil Hort Lips 

 ' 8. — Aspidium aculeatum Pursh. Fl Am 

 Sept 2:662, and Am authors generallv. 



Nova Scotia; Alk; BC; Mich; Pa; Vt; 

 NH; Me. Synonyms: Dryopteris acu- 

 leata braunii Koch, Underwood, Our Na- 

 tive Ferris ed 4. 112 (1893). — D. braunii 

 Underwood in Brit & Brown 111 Fl 1:15 

 (1896). 



P. ACULEATUM Roth. Tent Fl Germ 3: 

 79 (1800). 



Rtstock stout, erect; stipes variable 

 in length, very chaffy with large and 



small scales intermixed as in rachis; 

 fronds 1-2° long, growing in a crown, 

 oblong-lanceolate, pinnate; pinnae close- 

 ly-placed, lanceolate from a broad base, 

 mostly curved upwards, incisely pin- 

 natind or again pinnate; segs or pin- 

 nules of variable shape, oval-rhomboid- 

 al, or unequally triangular-ovate and 

 auriculate on upper side of slightly 

 stalked base, teeth aculeate in various 

 degrees; under surface more or less 

 chaffy-fibrillose; sori in 2 rows, on segs 

 nearer midvein than edge. Cal; Mt 

 Peddo, Wash (Suksdorf). Synonyms: 

 Polypodium aculeatum L, Sp PI 1090 

 (1753). — Aspidium aculeatum Swz. 

 Schrad J bot 1800 (2): 37 (1801). — Dry- 

 opteris aculeata Kuntze, Rev Gen PI 2- 

 812 (1891). 



DRYOPTERIS Adans, Fam PI 2:20 

 (1763). 



Indusium cordato-reniform or orbicu- 

 lar with a narrow sinus; veins free. 



*Texture thin — membranous, vein? 

 simple or 1-forked, fronds 2-pinnatifid. 



I. — Lowest pinnae gradually reduced 

 to mere lobes. 



D. OREOPTERIS Maxon, US Na Mu pr 

 23:638 (1901). 



Heath fern. Rtstock short, erect or 

 decumbent, scaly ;stipes short, tufted, 

 scaly below; fronds IV2-2 0 long 

 firm, membranous, broadly lanceolate, 

 gradually tapering and attenuated be- 

 low, glandular; pinnae 2-3' long', sessile 

 from a broad base, lanceolate-acumin- 

 ate, deeply pinnatifid, gradually shorter 

 to the lowest, which are more distant, 

 deltoid, and less than 1' long; segs flat, 

 nearly entire, oblong; sori quite mar- 

 ginal; indusia delicate, membranous, 

 more or less toothed at margin, BC; Alk; 

 Wash. Svnonyms: Aspidium oreopsis 

 Swz, Schrad J bot 1800 (2); 35 (1801). — 

 Polvpodium montanum J. A. Volger, Dis- 

 sert Polyp Mont 1781, not Lam, 1778. — 

 Dryopteris montana Kuntze, Rev. Gen 

 PI 9 -813 (1891). 



D. NEVADENSE Underwood, Our Na- 

 tive Ferns, ed 4, 113 (1893). 



Rtstock creeping, densely covered 

 with persistent bases of former stalks; 

 fronds in a crown, l%-3° long, lanceo- 

 late; pinnae linear-lanceolate from a 

 broad base, deeply pinnatifid, lower 

 pairs distant and gradually reduced to 

 mere auricles; segs crowded, oblong - , 

 slightly hairy on veins beneath, and 

 snrinkled with minute resinous parti- 

 cles; veins about 7 pairs to a lobe; sori 

 close to margin; indusium minute, fur- 

 nished with a few dark-colored margin- 

 al glands, and bearing several straight 

 jointed hairs on upper surface, Cal; 

 Ore. Synonym: Aspidium Nevadense D. 



C. Eaton, Ferns NA 1:73 t 10 (1878). 



D. CONTERMINA (Nephrodium conter- 

 minum Desv). 



Varietv STRIGrOSA Underwood, Our Na- 

 tive Ferns, ed 4, 113 (1893). 



Rtstock stout, erect, oft extending 1° 

 above ground, bearing a crown of 

 fronds; stipes very stout, narrowly 

 wing— margined at base; fronds 1-4° 

 long, lanceolate in outline, caudate-acu- 

 minate, much narrowed at base, some- 

 what rigid, pinnate; pinnae sessile, nar- 



